日本家庭农场规模化经营及其对山东省的启示

发布时间：2019-01-05 08:45

【摘要】：当前,农业现代化是中国农业实现可持续发展的必由之路。在人口日益增长的形势下,经济进入新常态,下行压力大。中国农业发展遇到了新的挑战和机遇。过去我们实行的家庭联产承包责任制,在一定历史时期内发挥了积极的效果,保障了国家粮食安全。然而,随着人口老龄化加剧,农村耕地的撂荒和低产等问题暴露出来。如何实现农业现代化的宏伟目标,我们立足要中国的实际,也要借鉴国外先进的发展模式。本文立足于当前热点问题,以农业规模化经营为突破口,对日本1930至2010年这八十年的农业数据进行了分析和研究,从而提出了相关对策建议。选题结合了当前中国经济发展的大形势,吸纳了学术界的研究观点,在前人研究的基础上,对日本进行了深入的研究,旨在通过日本的发展过程及其农业现代化实现过程中出现的问题,总结经验,服务于山东省农业规模化经营的开展。日本家庭农场规模化经营的起步较早,可以追溯到20世纪初。日本家庭农场规模化经营建立的过程很漫长,农业现代化的实现也花费了数十年的时间。本文选取了日本自1930年至2010年这八十年间的农业相关数据,选取了农户数量变化、农场规模大小、机械数量和制造业农业工资比这几个指标,来论述日本家庭农场规模化经营的起步、建立和实现。本文选取日本与山东省进行研究,是因为这两个地区具有诸多的相似性,自然条件和社会因素具有很多的相同点。首先,两地区人口都在一亿左右,且地区面积狭小,人口密度很大,农业生产对于人口生存和社会稳定至关重要。其次,日本与山东省同处于季风气候区,水热条件相似,自然环境差异不大。在研究方法上,本文采用了实证分析法。分析了农场规模的影响因素,主要有人均GDP、制造业-农业工资比、机械数量等指标。同时,运用计量经济学的相关方法,对各要素之间的关联性进行了分析和解释。通过对日本农业规模化经营发展进程的论述,结合1930年至2010年这八十年间日本农业生产中的各类实践和探索,得出了有益于山东省农业规模化经营的经验和启示。在对策方面,本文从技术要素投入、劳动力要素投入、土要素投入地、资本要素投入本、政策要素投入五个方面阐述了山东省实现家庭农场规模化经营以及农业现代化进程的对策启示。
[Abstract]:At present, agricultural modernization is the only way to realize the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture. In the situation of increasing population, the economy enters the new normal, downward pressure is great. China's agricultural development has encountered new challenges and opportunities. In the past, the household contract responsibility system has played a positive role in a certain historical period and ensured the national food security. However, with the aging of the population, the abandonment of rural arable land and low-yield problems exposed. How to realize the grand goal of agricultural modernization, we should base ourselves on the reality of China and draw lessons from the advanced development mode of foreign countries. Based on the current hot issues and taking the large-scale management of agriculture as the breakthrough point, this paper analyzes and studies the agricultural data of Japan from 1930 to 2010, and puts forward the relevant countermeasures and suggestions. The topic combines the current situation of China's economic development, absorbing the academic research point of view, on the basis of previous studies, the in-depth study of Japan, The purpose of this paper is to sum up the experience through the development process of Japan and the problems in the realization of agricultural modernization, so as to serve the development of large-scale agricultural management in Shandong Province. Japanese family farm scale operation started earlier, can be traced back to the early 20 th century. The process of establishing family farms in Japan has been long and the modernization of agriculture has taken decades. This paper selects the agricultural data from 1930 to 2010 in Japan, including the change of the number of farmers, the size of the farm, the quantity of machinery and the ratio of agricultural wages in the manufacturing industry. To discuss the Japanese family farm scale operation of the start, establishment and realization. This paper chooses Japan and Shandong Province to study, because these two regions have a lot of similarities, natural conditions and social factors have many similarities. First of all, the population of the two regions is about 100 million, and the area is small, population density is very large, agricultural production is vital to the survival and social stability of the population. Secondly, Japan and Shandong Province are in the monsoon climate area, the water and heat conditions are similar, and the natural environment is not different. In the research method, this paper adopts the empirical analysis method. The influencing factors of farm scale are analyzed, such as per capita GDP, manufacturing industry, agricultural wage ratio, machinery quantity and so on. At the same time, the correlation between the elements is analyzed and explained by econometric methods. By discussing the development process of large-scale agricultural management in Japan and combining the various practices and explorations in agricultural production in Japan from 1930 to 2010, the experiences and revelations beneficial to large-scale agricultural management in Shandong Province were obtained. In the aspect of countermeasures, this paper focuses on technical input, labor factor input, soil factor input, capital factor input. The paper expounds the countermeasures and enlightenments of realizing the large-scale management of family farms and the process of agricultural modernization in Shandong Province from five aspects of the input of policy elements.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F324.1

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