对国家油菜籽临时收储政策的几点思考——效果、问题及其取消后的影响

发布时间：2019-01-15 20:52

【摘要】：作为一项农产品价格支持政策,油菜籽临时收储政策在执行期内保障了种植户的基本销售收入,稳定了市场价格,在政策执行区域内增加了油菜种植面积。但政策执行期间也出现了库存积压严重、进口依存度上升、收储品质欠佳、进口菜籽油顶替入库、财政负担较重和超出WTO补贴规则限制等问题。2015年政策取消后,短期内出现国内外市场价差迅速减小、农户种植收益和意愿下降、油脂加工企业利润增加和油菜籽进口量降低等产业影响。预计长期将出现国内外市场价差趋于稳定、种植户商品率下降、油脂加工企业产能向沿海转移和进口量恢复等产业影响。建议未来同类政策进行设计和调整时应明确政策执行目标,保持政策灵活性,为市场主体预留充足反应时间,并合理确定政策支持方式和支持力度。
[Abstract]:As an agricultural product price support policy, the rapeseed temporary storage policy guaranteed the basic sales income of the growers, stabilized the market price, and increased the rapeseed planting area in the policy execution area. However, during the implementation of the policy, problems such as serious stock backlog, rising import dependence, poor storage quality, substitution of imported rapeseed oil for storage, heavy financial burden and exceeding the WTO subsidy rules were also encountered. After the policy was lifted in 2015, In the short term, the price difference between domestic and foreign markets decreases rapidly, the farmers' income and willingness to plant decreases, the profits of oil processing enterprises increase and the amount of rapeseed imports decreases, and so on. It is expected that the price difference between domestic and foreign markets will be stable for a long time, the commodity rate of growers will decrease, the capacity of oil processing enterprises will shift to the coastal areas and the import volume will recover, and so on. It is suggested that in the design and adjustment of similar policies in the future, the policy implementation objectives should be clear, the policy flexibility should be maintained, sufficient reaction time should be reserved for the market main body, and the policy support mode and strength should be reasonably determined.
【作者单位】：华中农业大学经济管理学院;湖北农村发展研究中心;
【基金】：国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-13) 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(14YJC790112) 华中农业大学博士研究生创新研究工程项目(2014bs33) 国家自然科学基金项目(71473100)~~
【分类号】：F323.7

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