安徽省水稻种植机械探索研究

发布时间：2019-02-26 21:28

【摘要】：水稻是我国重要的粮食作物,水稻生产全程机械化水平落后于小麦和玉米,水稻耕整地和收获机械化已基本实现,水稻种植机械化水平较低,影响着水稻生产全程机械化的发展,成为水稻生产机械化发展的瓶颈。本文通过概述了国外水稻生产现状和农业机械化发展特点,国内水稻生产机械化现状,其存在问题分析,安徽省水稻生产机械化现状分析及存在问题分析。阐述了安徽省水稻种植机械化的发展历史、发展现状、存在问题;分析了制约条件是由于机具投入产出比不高,农村基础设施不配套,农民对于新技术的接受能力不高,农机工业发展较慢,公共和社会化服务能力不强等因素形成的。提出了安徽省水稻种植机械化发展对策建议:加强农机农艺融合,促进技术的融合与创新,开展水稻机插秧技术的创新研究,开展农艺配套技术的研究,加大水稻种植机具的研制;加大政策支持,确保财政支持力度,完善基础设施建设,巩固建立多元化的财政支持渠道,促进公共服务体系建设;开展示范培训,注重人才队伍建设,提高农民素质,提高从业人员和服务体系人员技能水平;促进互相协作,探索服务体系。
[Abstract]:Rice is an important grain crop in our country. The mechanization level of rice production in the whole process lags behind that of wheat and corn. The mechanization of rice tillage and harvesting has been basically realized, and the mechanization level of rice planting is relatively low. It affects the development of rice production mechanization and becomes the bottleneck of rice production mechanization development. This paper summarizes the present situation of rice production abroad and the characteristics of agricultural mechanization, the present situation of domestic mechanization of rice production, the analysis of existing problems, and the analysis of the present situation and existing problems of rice production mechanization in Anhui Province. The development history, present situation and existing problems of mechanization of rice planting in Anhui Province were expounded in this paper. It is analyzed that the restriction conditions are due to the low input-output ratio of machinery and tools, the incompatibility of rural infrastructure, the low ability of farmers to accept new technology, the slow development of agricultural machinery industry, and the weak ability of public and socialized service. Suggestions on the development of rice planting mechanization in Anhui Province were put forward, such as strengthening the agronomic integration of agricultural machinery, promoting the integration and innovation of technology, carrying out innovative research on rice transplanting technology by rice machinery, and carrying out the research of supporting agronomic techniques. Increasing the development of rice planting equipment; Increase policy support, ensure financial support, improve infrastructure construction, consolidate the establishment of diversified channels of financial support, promote the construction of public service system; We should carry out demonstration training, pay attention to the construction of talents, improve the quality of farmers, improve the skill level of employees and service system personnel, promote mutual cooperation and explore the service system.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.3

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