人民币国际区域合作问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 06:34

本文关键词： 人民币国际化区域化区域贸易区域金融　出处：《东北师范大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在2008年金融危机和稍后欧洲爆发主权债务危机过程中，美国多次用“量化宽松”的货币政策增发货币，来刺激低迷的经济，缓解双赤字压力，弥补低增长和失业高企的困境。而美元的波动也为其它主要贸易国的货币稳定和贸易结算以及外汇储备带来了持续的冲击。回顾历史，正二战后美国综合国力迅猛发展，成就了美元的霸权地位，以美元为中心的单极货币体系得以成形。但同时单极货币体系带来的全球经济、贸易、消费、储蓄的失衡是直接导致2008年全球经济动荡的深层原因之一。次贷危机引发的金融危机爆发和蔓延对国际货币市场形成巨大冲击，也将对国际货币体系产生深远影响。而几乎同时，，欧洲面临主权债务危机的掣肘，除英国（未纳入欧元体系）之外的欧洲主要经济体先后受到不同程度的影响，由于经济增长不一致所引发的对欧洲统一货币政策的肢解已危及欧元的稳定性，甚至存在性。进而引发欧盟经济体债务违约的风险，欧元因此在短期内难以胜任替代美元成为全球结算货币和储备资产的重任。基于多种因素考虑，在未来相当长一段时间内，美元作为全球储备“硬通货”的地位仍难以被撼动，美元仍将在国际货币体系中处于主导地位，短期内国际货币体系的单极格局依然难以改变。单极货币体系具有权利义务不对称、利己性、缺乏约束制衡机制等内在缺陷，从单极向多极货币体系的演进和改革必然是曲折而漫长的过程。此次全球金融危机使得美国和欧盟经济体的消费急剧下降、流动性枯竭、大量企业倒闭、失业人数增加。美元和欧元受到不同程度的打击，这为人民币国际化，成为多极货币的一极奠定了现实基础。当前人民币在全球范围内有限的交易量和储藏量，与中国的贸易大国地位并不相称，使得渐进开放的中国面临诸多掣肘和制约。由此凸显人民币国际化的重要性和必要性。同时，当前中国处于高速经济增长向次高速经济增长过渡的阶段，即从年均经济增长8%-9%向8%-7%演变的过程。经济结构调整、增长方式转变、节能减排、平衡和协调区域经济增长、保障民生、拓展金融市场、加强金融监管和改革力度，都是当前中国经济急需解决的根本问题。而人民币国际化对于上述政策目标无疑即具有推动作用又具有一定的风险扰动作用。如何权衡利弊，特别是在当前中国面临区域经济增长调整、加速中西部发展优化东部地区产业结构、缩小工业在不同省份之间的差距、加速第三产业发展的大背景下，推动人民币国际化无疑具有了充分的现实意义。既要有利于中国出口贸易的稳步发展，又要呼应中国经济改革，深化结构调整力度，这是摆在学者、专家和政策制定者面前最为紧迫和关键的问题。本文认为，从单极到多元是国际货币改革的基本方向，人民币国际化和区域化是中国经济快速发展和实现中国梦必然的战略选择。中国应抓住机遇，趋利避害，积极推动人民币国际区域化进程。
[Abstract]:In 2008 the outbreak of the financial crisis and the sovereign debt crisis in Europe later in the process, the United States several times with the policy of "quantitative easing" issuance of currency, to stimulate the sluggish economy, alleviate the pressure for double deficit, low growth and high unemployment dilemma. While the dollar volatility for its major trading nations monetary stability and trade the settlement of foreign exchange reserves and brought a sustained impact.
Review the history of the United States after World War II, is the comprehensive national strength of rapid development, the achievements of the hegemony of the dollar, with the dollar as the center of the single monetary system to be forming. But at the same time unipolar monetary system due to the global economic, trade, consumption, savings imbalance is a direct result of global economic turmoil in one of the underlying causes of the subprime mortgage crisis in 2008. The outbreak of the financial crisis and the spread of the international monetary market formed a huge impact, will also have a profound impact on the international monetary system. At the same time, the European sovereign debt crisis facing constraints, in addition to the UK (not included in the euro) major European economies outside has affected, due to economic growth caused by the inconsistent the European single currency policy has been dismembered threaten the euro's stability, even exist. Then lead to the risk of debt default in the EU economy and the euro in In the short term is difficult to do the task to replace the dollar as the global currency and reserve assets. Based on a variety of factors, in the future for a long period of time, "the US dollar as the global reserve currency" status is still difficult to shake, the dollar will remain in the international monetary system in the leading position, the unipolar pattern of short-term international currency the system is still difficult to change.
The monetary system has the rights and obligations of the asymmetric monopole, selfish, lack of constraint mechanism of internal defects, from single to multi currency system evolution and reform must be long and tortuous process. The global financial crisis makes the United States and the EU economy consumption fell sharply, liquidity dried up, a large number of enterprises closed down, unemployment increased. The dollar and the euro to varying degrees of combat, which for the internationalization of the RMB, become a multi currency pole laid a basis in reality. The current RMB limited worldwide trading volume and the amount of storage, Chinese does not assort with the trade power, the gradual opening of China faces many constraints and constraints so as to highlight the importance and necessity of. The internationalization of the RMB. At the same time, the current China in rapid economic growth to the rapid economic growth in the transitional stage, the average annual economic growth The process of 8%-9% evolution to 8%-7%. The adjustment of economic structure, change the mode of growth, energy saving and emission reduction, economic growth, regional balance and coordination of the protection of people's livelihood, expand the financial market, to strengthen the reform of financial supervision and regulation, is a fundamental problem of the Chinese economic need. And the internationalization of the RMB for the above policy goal is undoubtedly has a certain the risk of disturbance role. How to balance, especially in the face of regional economic growth China adjustment, optimization of industrial structure of the eastern region to accelerate the development of industry in the Midwest, narrowing the gap between different provinces, the background of accelerating the development of the third industry, to promote the internationalization of the RMB has sufficient practical significance and be conducive to the steady. The development of China export trade, but also echoed China economic reform, deepen structural adjustment, which is placed in the scholars, experts and government Policymakers face the most urgent and key issue. This paper argues that from unipolar to pluralism is the basic direction of international monetary reform, the RMB internationalization and regionalization is an inevitable strategic choice and implementation China dream of the rapid development of economy. China China should seize the opportunity to actively promote the process of international and regional currency.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6

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