中国与东盟间散货运输承运人责任限制问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 04:36

本文关键词： 中国与东盟间散货运输承运人责任限制《鹿特丹规则》　出处：《学术交流》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国与东盟间散货运输是我国航运主要线路之一,也是21世纪海上丝绸之路的重要组成部分。由于航运业的天然风险性,研究中国与东盟间散货运输承运人责任限制问题对区域航运业持续和健康的发展具有重要意义。中国与东盟间散货运输提单一般适用《海牙规则》,故中国与东盟间散货运输承运人责任限制规则通常参照《海牙规则》。然而,《海牙规则》相关内容存在货币单位落后和条款表述模糊等问题,不仅落后于时代发展,也使承运人有无法合理援引责任限制规则的风险。这个问题存在多种解决方式,其中统一广义责任限制规则会带来诸如"雇佣救助方是否可以享受责任限制"等连锁问题;而参照《海牙——维斯比规则》第四条第五款规定,在提单中增加类似条款则存在不能普遍适用的缺点,二者都不是最佳选择。相比之下,以《鹿特丹规则》为基础,统一区域规则更具优势。《鹿特丹规则》的内容符合中国与东盟间区域贸易发展特点,统一区域规则的解决思路也顺应世界经济发展趋势。这既是海上货物运输国际化的现实需求,更是国际贸易方式和国际贸易支点变化的必然结果。以《鹿特丹规则》为基础,统一区域规则解决承运人责任限制问题,也是共建"21世纪海上丝绸之路"倡议的具体表现,在区域全面经济伙伴关系(RCEP)谈判推动相关区域经济及制度一体化的大背景下,具有光明的前景。
[Abstract]:Bulk cargo transport between China and ASEAN is one of the main shipping routes in China and an important part of the maritime Silk Road in 21th century. Because of the natural risks of the shipping industry. It is of great significance to study the limitation of carrier liability between China and ASEAN for the continuous and healthy development of regional shipping industry. Generally speaking, the Hague rules are applicable to bulk cargo bill of lading between China and ASEAN. Therefore, the rules on limitation of liability of bulk carriers between China and ASEAN usually refer to the Hague rules. However, there are some problems in the relevant contents of the Hague rules, such as backward monetary units and vague terms. Not only lag behind the development of the times, but also make the carrier can not reasonably invoke the limitation of liability rules. There are many ways to solve this problem. Among them, the uniform rules of broad liability limitation will bring chain problems such as "whether the employer can enjoy the limitation of liability" and so on; Referring to the Hague-Visby Rule 4th, paragraph 5th, adding a similar provision to a bill of lading has the disadvantage of not being universally applicable, and neither is the best option. Based on the Rotterdam rules, it is more advantageous to unify the regional rules. The contents of the Rotterdam rules conform to the characteristics of the development of regional trade between China and ASEAN. The solution of uniform regional rules conforms to the development trend of world economy, which is the realistic demand of the internationalization of the carriage of goods by sea. It is also the inevitable result of the change of international trade mode and international trade fulcrum. Based on the Rotterdam rules, unified regional rules solve the limitation of carrier liability. It is also the concrete manifestation of the "Maritime Silk Road" initiative of 21th century, under the background of regional comprehensive economic partnership (RCEP) negotiations to promote regional economic and institutional integration. Have a bright future.
【作者单位】：大连海事大学法学院;
【分类号】：D996.19
【正文快照】： 中国国家主席习近平在2013年10月出访东南亚国家期间提出了共建“21世纪海上丝绸之路”的倡议。根据《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》:“21世纪海上丝绸之路重点方向是从中国沿海港口过南海到印度洋,延伸至欧洲;从中国沿海港口过南海到南太平洋。

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