优惠政策对我国FDI的区域影响

发布时间：2018-02-14 14:33

本文关键词： 优惠政策 FDI 区域差异　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪五十年代以来，对FDI的研究已成为国内外学术界的热点问题。我国外商直接投资迅猛增长，已成为吸引FDI流入的重要国家。然而，我国FDI在区域间表现出强烈的不均衡分布现象，东部地区FDI总量和增长速度远远高于中西部地区，这对我国实现区域协调发展的目标带来了挑战。本文从我国FDI区域分布差异的现状出发，研究优惠政策对FDI区位选择的影响，从而为缩小区域差距提供可操作的政策建议。本文采用理论与实证相结合的研究方法，对我国31个省、自治区、直辖市的FDI分布状况进行描述和分析，，从而深入了解优惠政策效应作用下我国FDI区域分布现状。FDI区域分布差异一方面由外资本身的资本特性决定，另一方面与我国长期坚持的倾斜政策密不可分。我国改革开放以来实行的优惠引资政策遵循点－线－面由东向西逐步递推的路径，因而形成了FDI“东高西低”的分布格局。FDI区域不均衡分布对我国区域经济长期可持续发展产生了长远的影响，因此从政策角度对FDI进行深入研究具有重要的价值。理论方面，本文从成本、市场和政策等影响FDI区域分布状况的因素出发，进而构建出优惠政策指数和FDI区域分布的理论模型，并对其关联机制进行深入的探究。投资者依据成本－收益模型进行投资决策，优惠政策的执行在一定程度上可以改变外商决策的条件，因而我国的政策优惠对FDI区域布局有重要影响。基于信息不对称假设的政策信号理论认为，随着改革开放进程的深入，优惠政策作为一种信号的传递作用逐步减弱，因此对FDI区位选择的影响力将不可避免的弱化。实证方面，通过构建优惠政策指数来综合反映我国长期实行的优惠引资政策，用来解释优惠政策对FDI区位选择的联动机制。检验结果表明随着经济发展水平的提高，优惠政策对吸引FDI的作用将逐步减弱；受教育程度等其他因素对优惠政策效应的发挥存在抵消作用，因而作为基础设施等方面相对落后的中西部地区，优惠政策仍将发挥一定的促进作用。基于以上研究，本文从优惠政策视角分别提出各区域吸引FDI流入的长期可持续的政策建议：各个区域应采取差异性的优惠政策，东部地区应逐步放开政策干预力量，积极发挥市场机制配置资源的作用；中西部地区应加快基础设施等因素的建设，发挥优惠政策对FDI的吸引力；最后，三大区域间应加强合作，带动FDI的合理布局，最终实现区域协调发展的目标。
[Abstract]:Since 1950s, the research on FDI has become a hot issue in academic circles at home and abroad. The rapid growth of foreign direct investment in China has become an important country to attract the inflow of FDI. China's FDI shows a strong uneven distribution among regions. The total amount and growth rate of FDI in the eastern region is much higher than that in the central and western regions. This brings challenges to the realization of the goal of regional coordinated development in China. Based on the present situation of regional distribution differences of FDI in China, this paper studies the influence of preferential policies on the location choice of FDI, thus providing operational policy recommendations for narrowing the regional gap. This paper describes and analyzes the distribution of FDI in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Therefore, we can deeply understand the regional distribution of FDI in China under the effect of preferential policies. On the one hand, the differences in regional distribution of FDI are determined by the capital characteristics of FDI itself. On the other hand, it is inextricably related to our country's longstanding policy of inclination. The preferential policy of attracting investment in China since the reform and opening up has followed the path of point, line, and surface gradually recurred from east to west. As a result, the distribution pattern of "East High and West low" of FDI. The regional unbalanced distribution of FDI has a long-term impact on the long-term sustainable development of regional economy in China. Therefore, it is of great value to study FDI from the perspective of policy. Based on the factors that affect the regional distribution of FDI, such as cost, market and policy, this paper constructs a theoretical model of preferential policy index and regional distribution of FDI. Investors make investment decisions according to the cost-benefit model, and the implementation of preferential policies can change the conditions of foreign investors' decision-making to a certain extent. The policy signal theory based on the information asymmetry hypothesis holds that with the deepening of the reform and opening up process, the preferential policy as a signal is gradually weakened. Therefore, the influence on the location choice of FDI will inevitably be weakened. The results show that with the improvement of economic development level, the effect of preferential policies on attracting FDI will be gradually weakened; Other factors, such as education level, can counteract the effect of preferential policies. Therefore, as infrastructure and other relatively backward central and western regions, preferential policies will still play a certain role in promoting. Based on the above research, this paper puts forward the long-term sustainable policy recommendations for attracting FDI inflow from the perspective of preferential policies in each region: different preferential policies should be adopted in each region, and policy intervention forces should be gradually liberalized in the eastern region. The central and western regions should speed up the construction of infrastructure and other factors to give full play to the attraction of preferential policies to FDI. Finally, the three major regions should strengthen cooperation to promote the rational distribution of FDI. Finally realize the goal of regional coordinated development.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.6

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