基于城镇化视域下西藏城乡公共服务对策研究
发布时间：2018-02-16 03:24
本文关键词： 公共服务 城镇化 均等化 发展对策 出处：《西藏大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型：学位论文
【摘要】：党的十八届三中全会提出要推进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源的均衡配置，推动城镇化健康发展。城镇化推动城乡一体化发展，要求全面放开二元制下户籍限制问题，合理确定城镇特别是大城市落户条件，围绕改善社会公共服务和民生，推动社会公平和正义，进一步推动改革收入分配制度，推动社会领域的创新，实现城乡公共服务均等化。进一步提升城镇化质量，重视生活方式的城镇化。城镇化水平是一国或者区域经济和社会发展水平的体现，然而由于我国计划经济体制和二元制结构的影响，我国城镇化水平和质量不高，导致我国城乡公共服务供给水平不均衡。城镇化发展质量和水平的提升必然带动城乡公共资源的合理配置，有效缩小城乡差距从而实现城乡公共服务供给均等化。城乡公共服务均等化是推动社会公平正义的基础，是推动城乡融合发展，实现社会和谐发展的关键。城镇化视域下推动城乡公共服务均等化供给是当前我国社会、经济发展中的重要课题。基于此，本文通过对城镇化和公共服务发展相关背景和基本理论进行研究，在对公共服务发展理论和城镇化与公共服务发展的关系进行分析的基础上，对西藏城乡公共服务供给存在的问题进行分析，并从经济社会发展模式层级、公共财政政策、财政转移支付、制度设计角度探寻存在问题的原因，针对这些原因提出城镇化视域下西藏城乡公共服务均等化供给的有效途径。实现这一目标必须突破二元制结构，构建社会保障机制，并对财政机制进行改革，在此基础上，针对公共服务供给的基本问题进行对策选择分析。文章从多个角度对城镇化视域下西藏城乡公共服务均等化提出建议及对策。 文章共分为六章： 第一章，主要对城镇化视域下公共服务研究的背景、意义进行分析，并对国内外相关研究成果进行综述，并对基本研究思路和方法进行明确，明确理论研究预期和创新点，并对该研究可能存在的不足进行分析。 第二章，主要对城镇化和公共服务进行界定，并分析了城镇化视域下公共服务的理论基础，文章认为，城镇化能够有效推动城乡融合发展，而公共服务是指政府为了确保社会公平公正，向所有社会成员提供的包含着价值判断、无差异性的、能够有效满足社会公众所需要的产品和服务。城镇化视域下公共服务的发展理论涵盖了公共产品理论、新公共服务理论、城乡关系理论以及公共服务均等化理论。 第三章，主要分析了城镇化及其对策与公共服务的契合，提出城镇化视域下西藏城乡公共服务均等化发展对策。城镇化推动人类生产与生活方式由农村型向城镇化转向，实现城乡融合发展。城镇化的发展就是要打破城乡二元制结构，从而实现城乡基础设施建设和社会资源配置的均等化，为城镇化发展提供物质保障。城镇化视域下西藏公共服务的发展的目标同样需要建立城乡居民社会保障体系的均等化。城镇化发展和质量的提升能够有效加快城乡公共服务均等化，这主要从农村基础设施建设、城乡公共服务提供能力、城乡社会保障能力的角度推动。 第四章，主要分析了城镇化发展背景下西藏城乡公共服务供给的现状、不足和原因。具体而言，西藏城乡义务教育存在经费投入不均衡，城乡师资力量分配不均，导致义务教育不均，城乡入学率存在差距；在城乡医疗服务上，经费投入和医疗卫生公共资源分布不均；在社会保障机制上，城乡社会保险、社会救助和社会福利均存在差距。这些差距导致了西藏城乡公共服务的不平衡。造成这种不均衡的原因首先在于西藏经济社会是非典型二元制结构社会，这对公共产品供给的影响十分深远；其次，西藏区域发展不平衡给西藏农牧区公共服务供给带来极大的挑战，同时西藏的地理自然环境决定了公共服务供给成本的不同，政府服务能力加上分税制改革后转移支付制度的不足最终导致西藏城乡公共服务供给的不均衡。 第五章，针对西藏城乡公共服务供给存在的问题，从城镇化背景入手，认为推动城乡供给均衡化、均等化是城镇化发展的必然要求，也有利于推动城镇化建设。在制度设计上，应突破城乡二元制，实现城乡公共服务一体化；改革财政制度，为西藏城乡公共服务均等化供给提供支撑；构建西藏城乡公共服务城乡均等化保障机制。具体而言，应打破城乡二元制结构，建立以乡村为中心的公共服务供给制度，，将公共资源更多的向乡村倾斜，完善公共财政制度，改革转移支付制度并强化监管。将公共资源更多的投放到公共服务较为落后的乡村，投放到关系民生的各个领域中，并积极构建基于公共服务为基础的政府绩效考核机制，将城乡公共服务共计均等化作为政府考核的重要方面，提升和强化政府公共服务水平，推动服务型政府建设，并有针对性的构建监督机制。 第六章是结语，对全文的研究进行简要总结。
[Abstract]:The party put forward in the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee to promote the balanced allocation of public resources between urban and rural areas, promote the healthy development of urbanization. Urbanization promote the integration of urban and rural development, completely liberalized residence restrictions two yuan system, reasonably determine the town especially the city settled conditions, improve the social public service and people's livelihood, promote social fairness and justice and to further promote the reform of income distribution system, promote the innovation of the social field, realize the equalization of urban and rural public services. To further enhance the quality of urbanization, pay attention to life style urbanization. Urbanization level is the embodiment of a country or regional economic and social development level, however, due to the impact of the planned economic system of our country and the two element structure the level of urbanization in our country, and the quality is not high, resulting in the level of urban and rural public service supply in China is unbalanced. The urbanization development quality and level The rational allocation of public resources in urban and rural areas will inevitably lead to enhance the effectiveness of narrowing the gap between urban and rural public service supply in order to achieve the equalization of urban and rural public service equalization to promote social fairness and justice, is to promote the integration of urban and rural development, the key of realizing the harmonious development of the society. The urbanization from the perspective of promoting the equalization of urban and rural public service supply is the current in our society, an important issue in the economic development. Based on this, this article through to the urbanization and the development of public service related background and basic theoretical research, on the base of analyzing the relationship between the development of public service theory and the development of urbanization and the public service, there is the Tibet urban and rural public service supply problems were analyzed. And from the level of economic and social development model, public finance policy, the fiscal transfer payment system, angle design to explore the causes of the problems, for these The reasons put forward effective way of Tibet urban and rural equalization of public service supply from the perspective of urbanization. To achieve this goal must break through two yuan structure, establishing social security mechanism, and reform of the financial system, on this basis, the basic problems in the supply of public services in the countermeasure analysis. From the view of the town the equalization of public services in urban and rural areas of Tibet from the perspective of suggestions and countermeasures.
The article is divided into six chapters.
The first chapter is mainly on the background of urbanization from the perspective of public service research, analysis of significance, and the domestic and foreign related research are reviewed, and the basic ideas and methods of clear, clear theoretical research expectations and innovation, and the lack of the analysis.
The second chapter mainly on urbanization and public services to define and analyze the public service theory, from the perspective of the urbanization, urbanization can effectively promote the integration of urban and rural development, and public service refers to the government in order to ensure social fairness and justice, to all members of the society provided contains value judgment, no difference specifically, it can effectively meet the public needs of the products and services. From the perspective of urbanization development theory of public service covers the public product theory, the new public service theory, urban-rural relations theory and the theory of public service equalization.
The third chapter mainly analyzes the combination of urbanization and Countermeasures of public service and puts forward the development countermeasures of Tibet urban and rural equalization of public services from the perspective of urbanization. Urbanization promote human production and life style from the countryside to urbanization turn, achieve integrated development of urban and rural areas. The development of urbanization is to break two yuan in urban system structure in order to achieve the equalization of urban and rural infrastructure construction and allocation of social resources, to provide material guarantee for the development of urbanization. The goal of equalization of public services for the development of Tibet's urbanization perspective also need to establish social security system for urban and rural residents. The development of urbanization and the improvement of its quality can effectively accelerate the equalization of urban and rural public services, mainly from the the construction of rural infrastructure, urban and rural public services, urban and rural social security ability angle of drive.
绗洓绔
本文编号：1514546
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/quyujingjilunwen/1514546.html
