教育错配对中国投资企业老挝员工收入的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 03:08

本文关键词： 教育错配教育错配发生率员工收入效应　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化与区域经济一体化程度的加深,国际直接投资(FDI)在各国经济交往中的地位和作用日益凸显。老挝作为我国面向东南亚国家的重要友邦,其丰富的资源以及稳定的政治社会环境吸引着越来越多的中国企业来此投资。与此同时,中国企业对老挝直接投资也带动了老挝当地劳动力的就业,对解决当地劳动力就业以及提高员工收入起到了至关重要的作用。但当中国企业真正落户到老挝后才发现,“招工难”,“缺乏知识型、技术型人才”是企业面临的头等难题,使得中国企业在老挝投资面临着当地员工就业不匹配的问题,而其中教育错配正是造成这种就业不匹配的主要原因之一,这也正是中国投资企业“用工难”、“招工难”的症结所在。员工劳动生产率的提高是提升海外投资企业经济效益的主要措施,而员工的收入水平和对工作的满意程度往往决定了劳动者生产效率的高低,因此本文通过研究教育错配对中国投资企业老挝员工的影响来进一步反映中国投资企业的生产效率,为中国企业在海外投资提供参考。本文从劳动力供求两方面视角出发,首先了解了老挝当地的教育现状以及中国投资企业老挝员工存在的问题,其次通过老挝实地调研对中资企业老挝员工进行问卷访谈调研,进一步研究老挝员工教育错配的发生率及成因。最后采用Verdugo模型和Duncan and Hoffman模型来分析研究教育错配对中资企业老挝员工的收入效应的影响。基于上述研究与分析,本文发现中资企业老挝员工存在的教育错配问题会造成工资的损失,同时测算的老挝教育平均收益率为3.4%,远低于发展中国家水平。对于经理管理层的员工、在私营企业工作的员工以及所在企业有在职培训的员工往往具有相对较高的工资收入,而隶属第一产业的员工工资要远低于隶属第二、第三产业的工人工资。最后,本文针对调研与实证结果,提出了相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization and regional economic integration, the status and role of international direct investment (FDI) in the economic exchanges of various countries are becoming increasingly prominent. Laos is an important friend of China facing Southeast Asian countries. Its rich resources and stable political and social environment have attracted more and more Chinese enterprises to invest here. At the same time, Chinese enterprises' direct investment in Laos has also led to the employment of the local labor force in Laos. It has played a vital role in solving local labor employment and raising employee income. However, when Chinese enterprises really settled in Laos, they found that "recruitment difficulties" and "lack of knowledge and skilled personnel" were the top problems faced by enterprises. As a result, Chinese enterprises are facing the problem of employment mismatch among local employees in Laos. Among them, the mismatch of education is one of the main reasons for this mismatch. This is precisely the crux of the problem of "hard to employ" and "difficult to recruit" in Chinese investment enterprises. The increase in the labor productivity of employees is the main measure to enhance the economic efficiency of overseas investment enterprises. The employee's income level and the degree of satisfaction with the work often determine the productivity of the laborer. Therefore, this paper further reflects the production efficiency of the Chinese investment enterprise by studying the influence of the wrong education on the Lao employees of the Chinese investment enterprise. This paper, from the perspective of labor supply and demand, first understands the present situation of local education in Laos and the problems of Lao employees in Chinese investment enterprises. Secondly, through the field investigation in Laos, the Lao employees of Chinese enterprises were interviewed and investigated by questionnaire. Finally, Verdugo model and Duncan and Hoffman model are used to analyze the effect of educational error on the income effect of Lao employees in Chinese enterprises. This paper finds that the problem of educational mismatch among Lao employees in Chinese enterprises will result in the loss of wages. Meanwhile, the average educational yield of Laos calculated is 3.4, which is far lower than the level in developing countries. Employees who work in the private sector and those who have on-the-job training in their enterprises tend to have relatively high wages, while those in the primary sector earn far less than those in the secondary, tertiary industries. Finally, Based on the research and empirical results, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G40-054;F272.92;F279.2;F125

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