哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力转移就业的研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 07:41

本文选题：哈尔滨市　切入点：农村剩余劳动力　出处：《东北农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着农业生产条件的改善和农业科技水平的提升,我国农业的生产效率较之改革开放前取得了显著的提高,许多农业一线生产的农村劳动力从农业生产中解放出来向第二、第三产业转移,为我国的经济发展做出了不可磨灭的巨大作用。但是,大量农村剩余劳动力涌入,加剧了许多社会问题。早在上世纪80、90年代,我国学者就开始关注农村剩余劳动力问题,并提出了许多观点和理论。在30多年后的今天,我国农村剩余劳动力的转移问题依然存在,并随着我国现代化进程的深入而复杂化,问题日益凸显,成为我国经济社会全面协调发展过程中的一个难点问题。哈尔滨市是大都市与大农村相结合的特大城市,数量庞大的农村人口拖累着城市经济的发展,阻碍了工业现代化和农业现代化发展的脚步,义形成了巨大的农村劳动力剩余闲置。如何解决好农村剩余劳动力转移问题是全市实现现代化与城镇化政府工作的关键课题,也是解决好“三农”问题的关键途径,是构建社会主义和谐社会不可或缺的中心环节,具备重大的实践意义与理论研究意义。本文基于二元经济理论、新劳动力迁移经济理论和人力资本理论为研究基础,以科学发展观为指导思想,并借鉴国内外成功经验,深入研究哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力转移就业问题。将理论研究与实证研究紧密结合,通过走访、问卷调查等方法,对哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力的转移的意愿进行调查,初步掌握了第一手现实资料。笔者认为劳动力的转移是劳动力自身的决策,以此为基础结合哈尔滨市目前经济发展现状,找出对劳动力转移决策起到决定作用的影响因素与存在问题。选取结构分析与计量模型两种方法来解释农村剩余劳动力在转移过程中出现的问题,依据问题提出相应的适合哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力转移现实状况的对策建议。结构分析从年龄、教育程度、收入、就业等角度分析目前的农村剩余劳动力转移现状；结合农户调查数据与区域经济发展水平、年龄、受教育程度、乡镇企业数量等诸多量值,采用logit回归模型进行定量分析,在制度、经济、人力资本三个方面得出影响劳动力转移意愿主要因素,为促进哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力转移工作提供实证基础。全文共分为七个部分：第一部分主要阐述了研究背景及理论与实际意义,对国内外文献研究进行综述。第二部分为农村剩余劳动力转移的概念界定与理论基础,通过对农村剩余劳动力转移的理论进行阐述,为后文的研究界定研究对象和范围,为全文研究奠定理论基础。第三部分为哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力转移现状与存在问题的总结,结合现阶段哈尔滨市的实际情况,提出农村剩余劳动力转移过程中在制度、经济、人力资本方面存在的问题,为下文的后续研究提供研究的现实基础。第四部分为实证分析,通过结构分析和回归模型分析转移就业影响因素进行论证,找出影响农村剩余劳动力转移的决策因素,并分析原因。第五部分为国内外经验借鉴,主要从英、美、日、韩等发达国家的经验借鉴,与国内中、东、西部等比较有代表性地区的经验借鉴,获得哈尔滨市在农村剩余劳动力转移就业工作上的启示。第六部分为对策建议,在前文分析的基础上,结合哈尔滨市的现实情况与成功经验借鉴,提出加快哈尔滨市农村剩余劳动力转移就业工作的对策建议,希望可以为哈尔滨市政府的工作开展起到积极的推动作用。第七部分为结论,总结本文的研究成果。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of conditions of agricultural production and agricultural science and technology to enhance the level of China's agricultural production efficiency than before the reform and opening up has been significantly improved, many agricultural production line of the rural labor force from agriculture to the liberation of second, third industrial transfer, made an indelible great role for the economic development of our country. But a large number of rural surplus labor force, exacerbated by the influx of a lot of social problems. As early as 80,90 in the last century, Chinese scholars began to pay attention to the problem of rural surplus labor, and put forward many ideas and theories. In more than 30 years later, the transfer of rural surplus labor of our country still exists, and with the development of China's modernization deep and complex problems have become increasingly prominent, has become the overall coordination of a difficult problem in the process of the development of China's economy and society.
Harbin is a large city with large rural cities combined, a large number of rural population on the economic development of the city, has hindered the industrial modernization and the pace of development of agricultural modernization, the formation of surplus rural labor force idle huge. How to solve the problem of the transfer of rural surplus labor is a key issue in the implementation of the work of the government and modernization the town, but also the key to solve the way these problems, is the central link in building a socialist harmonious society indispensable, have important practical significance and theoretical significance.
In this paper, two yuan based on the economic theory, the new labor migration economic theory and human capital theory as the research foundation, with Scientific Outlook on Development as the guiding ideology, and learn from the successful experience at home and abroad, in-depth study of rural surplus labor transfer in Harbin. The employment problem of theoretical research and empirical research combined, through visits, questionnaires and other methods, the transfer of the rural surplus labor force in Harbin city will of the investigation, preliminary master first-hand data. The author believes that the reality of the transfer of labor is labor's decision, which is combined with the present situation of Harbin city economic development and labor transfer decision to find a decisive factor to the effect and problems. The selection of structure analysis and econometrics models two to explain the method of rural surplus labor transfer process in the problems, propose appropriate Kazakhstan basis Countermeasures of reality of transfer of rural surplus labor force in Harbin city. Structural analysis from the age, level of education, income, employment of rural surplus labor transfer present situation; combined with the household survey data and regional economic development level, age, education degree, the number of township enterprises and other values, using logit regression model quantitative analysis in the economic system, the main factors that affect the willingness of labor transfer in three aspects of human capital, to promote empirical basis transfer of rural surplus labor force in Harbin city.
This paper is divided into seven parts: the first part mainly expounds the research background and theoretical and practical significance, the domestic and foreign literature were reviewed. The second part is the concept of transfer of rural surplus labor force in the definition and theoretical basis, the paper elaborates on the transfer of rural surplus labor theory, defines the research object and scope for later research. And lay the theoretical foundation for the research. The third part is the transfer of rural surplus labor in Harbin present situation and existing problems are summarized, combined with the actual situation in Harbin at the present stage, the transfer process of rural surplus labor force in the economic system, the existence of human capital issues, to provide realistic basis for subsequent research on the following study. The fourth part is empirical analysis, through structural analysis and regression model of factors affecting employment transfer analysis, find out the influence of rural surplus labor The decision factors of force transfer, and analyzes the reasons. The fifth part is the domestic and foreign experience, mainly from Britain, Japan, US, South Korea and other developed countries and domestic experience, in the East, more representative of the experience of the western region, Harbin city in the rural surplus labor force transfer employment work. Enlightenment. The sixth part is the countermeasures, on the basis of the above analysis, combined with the reality of Harbin city and successful experience, puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor in Harbin employment, hoping to promote the role of the Harbin municipal government to carry out the work to actively. The seventh part is the conclusion, summary of research results in this paper.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.6;F249.21

【参考文献】