内蒙古自治区外来入侵植物的问题与对策

发布时间：2018-04-13 13:12

本文选题：内蒙古 + 入侵植物种类　；参考：《草业科学》2015年12期

【摘要】：随着全球经济一体化进程的不断深入,生物入侵严重威胁生态环境、公众健康及区域经济发展。本文在多年实践基础上,对国内外文献进行收集、汇总和对比分析,以明确内蒙古自治区外来植物入侵现状、发生的特点和趋势,以及对畜牧业生产和生态安全的影响等,并提出相应的防治对策,以期为内蒙古自治区外来植物入侵的防控提供理论依据。结果表明,目前,内蒙古自治区外来入侵植物已达45种,其中分属16个科36个属。入侵植物以一、二年生草本为主,占总入侵植物的79.5%,入侵来源以国内其他省区传入和国外直接传入两种途径实现;入侵植物有19种原产自美洲,占入侵植物总数的42.2%,欧洲次之,为18种。虽然内蒙古自治区外来植物入侵防控取得了一定成效,但是整体上存在重视程度不足、相关法制法规不健全、监管脱节、投入不足,评估与预警机制不健全、相关研究滞后等问题。因此,应加大资金投入,提高防范意识,建立入侵植物风险评估、早期预警监测体系,提升科研能力和监测技术水平,构建信息平台,加强对外交流,从而保障内蒙古自治区的生态安全,确保人民生命和财产安全,维护社会和谐稳定发展。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the process of global economic integration, biological invasion is a serious threat to the ecological environment, public health and regional economic development.On the basis of many years' practice, this paper collected, collected and analyzed the literature at home and abroad in order to clarify the present situation, characteristics and trends of alien plant invasion in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, as well as its influence on animal husbandry production and ecological security.In order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of alien plant invasion in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, the corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward.The results show that there are 45 species of invasive plants in Inner Mongolia, including 16 families and 36 genera.The invasive plants were mainly one-year-old and biennial herbs, accounting for 79.5% of the total invasive plants. The invasion came from other provinces and regions in China and direct introduction from abroad, and 19 species of invasive plants were native to the Americas, accounting for 42.2% of the total invasive plants, followed by Europe.There are 18 species.Although some achievements have been made in the prevention and control of alien plant invasion in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, the overall level of attention has been insufficient, the relevant laws and regulations are not perfect, the supervision is disjointed, the investment is insufficient, and the evaluation and early warning mechanism is not perfect.Related research lags and so on.Therefore, we should increase capital investment, raise awareness of prevention, establish invasive plant risk assessment, early warning and monitoring system, enhance scientific research capability and monitoring technology level, construct information platform, and strengthen external communication.In order to ensure the ecological security of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, to ensure the safety of people's lives and property, to maintain social harmony and stable development.
【作者单位】：中国农科院草原研究所;新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院;
【基金】：中国农业科学院科技创新工程“草原非生物灾害防灾减灾团队”项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IGR2015-04)
【分类号】：S451

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