成都市大气污染物排放特征及总量分配研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 07:24

本文选题：大气污染 + 等标污染负荷　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境统计是环境保护的基础工作和重要组成部分,是做好各项环境管理工作的支撑。环境统计部门每年能采集到数以万计的数据,形成大量的报表。环境统计数据作为系统、全面和延续性反映污染排放情况的法定数据,一直为统计年鉴、环境公报的发布以及环境规划、总量减排、社会经济发展宏观决策等工作提供基础数据。但是环境统计工作的结果是数据,数据本身无法传递环境管理中所需的环境信息,只有通过统计分析,才能检查环境管理效果,判断环境形势,监督环保方针和法规的实施。本文以成都市环境统计数据为基础,从时空差异角度出发,对区域内大气污染物排放特征进行了分析,运用等标负荷污染法确定出大气中主要污染因子、主要污染区域及主要污染行业,并将经济学领域评价收入公平性的基尼系数应用于大气污染物总量分配中,对成都市大气污染物总量控制和分配进行了研究,评价了各总量控制指标分配的公平性。目前,成都市大气中的主要污染物是NOX和SO2,从2010年-2012年,这两种污染物累积等标负荷比一直大于90%。大气污染物区域集中特征明显,反映出区域经济发展及产业结构不均衡。大气污染物排放的主要集中在青白江区、金堂县、彭州市、新都区、新津县、都江堰市、双流县、崇州市等8个区县。工业源和机动车是大气污染的两大主要来源,是污染防治的重点领域。工业污染行业集中度高,需进一步优化行业结构。成都市工业废气污染排放主要集中在黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业,非金属矿物制品业及电力、热力生产和供应业等三个行业少数几个行业,工业结构性污染问题很难在短期内改变。在区域总量分配中,青白江区、金堂县、彭州市、大邑县、新津县、新都区和崇州市等7个区(市)县为大气污染严重的地区；在行业总量分配中,电力、热力生产和供应业,黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业,非金属矿物制品业,造纸和纸制品业,化学原料和化学制品制造业,医药制造业等行业是高污染、低产出的行业。
[Abstract]:Environmental statistics is the basic work and important part of environmental protection and the support of environmental management. Environmental statistics departments can collect tens of thousands of data every year, forming a large number of reports. As a system, environmental statistics are comprehensive and consistent statutory data reflecting pollution emissions. They have been used as statistical yearbooks, environmental bulletins, environmental planning, and total emission reduction. Social and economic development macroeconomic decisions and other work to provide basic data. However, the result of environmental statistics is data. The data itself can not transmit the environmental information needed in environmental management. Only through statistical analysis, can we check the effect of environmental management, judge the environmental situation, and supervise the implementation of environmental protection policies and regulations. Based on the environmental statistics of Chengdu, this paper analyzes the emission characteristics of atmospheric pollutants in the region from the point of view of space-time differences, and determines the main pollution factors in the atmosphere by using the method of equal-standard load pollution. The Gini coefficient, which is used to evaluate the income equity in the economic field, is applied to the distribution of the total amount of atmospheric pollutants in Chengdu, and the control and distribution of the total amount of atmospheric pollutants in Chengdu are studied. The fairness of allocation of total control indicators is evaluated. At present, the main pollutants in the atmosphere of Chengdu are NOX and so _ 2. From 2010 to 2012, the cumulative iso-standard load ratio of these two pollutants has been more than 90. The regional concentration of atmospheric pollutants is obvious, which reflects the imbalance of regional economic development and industrial structure. The emission of atmospheric pollutants is mainly concentrated in Qingbai River District, Jintang County, Pengzhou City, Xindu District, Xinjin County, Dujiangyan City, Shuangliu County, Chongzhou City, etc. Industrial sources and motor vehicles are the two main sources of air pollution and the key areas of pollution prevention and control. Industrial pollution industry concentration is high, need to further optimize the industry structure. Emissions from industrial waste gas in Chengdu are mainly concentrated in the ferrous metal smelting and calender processing industries, non-metallic mineral products and electricity, thermal production and supply industries, and a few industries. Industrial structural pollution is difficult to change in the short term. Among the regional total distribution, seven districts (cities), such as Qingbai River District, Jintang County, Pengzhou City, Dayi County, Xinjin County, Xindu District and Chongzhou City, are regions with serious air pollution. Ferrous metal smelting and calender processing industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, papermaking and paper products industry, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, pharmaceutical industry and other industries are high pollution, low output industries.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51

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