农安县耕地质量等级监测与评价

发布时间：2018-06-15 22:59

本文选题：农用地分等 + 耕地质量等级监测　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：耕地是农业生产最基本的资源，是实现可持续发展的重要物质基础。耕地数量和质量的变化直接影响着农业生产和国家的粮食安全。本文以吉林省农安县为例，以农用地分等成果为基础，分析了农安县渐变耕地和突变耕地等别、产能变化及空间分布，研究县域耕地等别强度和幅度的变化，为耕地资源高效集约和可持续利用，实现由土地数量管理转为土地数量质量并重管理提供决策依据。研究结果有以下几个方面： 1、农安县2010年-2012年的自然等别基本没有变化，因为这三年自然质量分的因素指标的属性值变化非常微小；农安县2010年-2012年耕地平均利用等分别为10.15、10.65和11.05，利用等平均每年下降0.45个等级，而平均产能分别为8945.9吨、8020.4吨和7417.3吨，产能逐年亏损。原因是决定土地利用系数的主要因素为不同地区指定作物的产量，由于农安县的灌溉设施比较少，所以影响作物产量的主要因素是干旱和台风等自然灾害；农安县2010-2012年经济等别变化地区间差异也是较大，主要原因是区域经济发展水平，用地的投入产出，区位因素等因素影响着土地经济系数，而农安县农用地的投入产出经济效益仍较差，不能充分发挥出农用地的自然条件。 2、由于土地占补均衡的需要，将未利用地开发为耕地，新增耕地总面积为3265.64，平均利用等别为11.80，产能为19904吨，产能为盈；农安县2010年-2012年减少的耕地中，总面积为606.64公顷，总产能亏损为5730吨。 3、农安县2010年-2012年自然等变化强度均为1，这是由于2002年-2012年的自然质量分的因素指标的属性值没有变化；2010年利用等变化强度平均值为1.302,说明2010年的耕地产能比2002年明显提高。2010年经济等变化强度平均值为0.946，经济等变化幅度为-0.47，，说明耕地生产的经济效益是下降的；2011年利用等变化强度平均值为0.904，利用等变化幅度为-1.0441，说明2011年农安县耕地利用等比2010年明显降低。2011年经济等变化强度平均值为1.087,经济等变化幅度为0.779，与2010年相比耕地生产效益有所提高；2012年利用等变化强度平均值为0.933，利用等变化幅度为-0.909，说明农安县2012年利用等仍然降低。经济等变化强度平均值为0.889，经济等变化幅度为-1.586，说明2012年农安县耕地生产经济效益仍然较低。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land is the most basic resource of agricultural production and the important material foundation to realize sustainable development. Changes in the quantity and quality of cultivated land directly affect agricultural production and national food security. Taking Nong'an County of Jilin Province as an example, based on the results of agricultural land classification, this paper analyzes the variation of productivity and spatial distribution of gradually changed and mutated cultivated land in Nong'an County, and studies the change of intensity and amplitude of cultivated land in county area. It provides the decision basis for the conversion from land quantity management to land quantity quality management and sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources. The results of the study are as follows: 1, the nature of Nong'an County from 2010 to 2012 has not changed basically, because the attribute value of the factor index of the natural quality score in these three years is very small; The average utilization of cultivated land in Nong'an County from 2010 to 2012 was 10.15% 10.65 and 11.05 respectively, and the average utilization level decreased by 0.45 grades per year, while the average production capacity was 8945.9 tons / 8020.4 tons and 7417.3 tons respectively. The reason is that the main factor that determines the land use coefficient is the yield of designated crops in different regions. Because the irrigation facilities in Nong'an County are relatively few, the main factors affecting crop yield are natural disasters such as drought and typhoon. In Nong'an County from 2010 to 2012, the difference between different regions is also great. The main reasons are that the level of regional economic development, the input and output of land use, the location factors and other factors affect the economic coefficient of land. However, the input and output economic benefits of agricultural land in Nong'an County are still poor, and the natural conditions of agricultural land cannot be fully brought into play. 2. Due to the need of balance of land occupation and compensation, unused land is developed into cultivated land. The total area of new cultivated land is 3265.64, the average utilization is 11.80, the production capacity is 19904 tons, the production capacity is surplus, and the total area of farmland decreased in Nong'an County from 2010 to 2012 is 606.64 hectares. The loss of total production capacity is 5730 tons. 3, and the intensity of natural equal variation in Nong'an County from 2010 to 2012 is 1. This is due to the fact that the attribute value of the factor index of natural quality score from 2002 to 2012 has not changed. The average value of equal intensity of utilization in 2010 is 1.302, which indicates that the productivity of cultivated land in 2010 is obviously higher than that in 2002. The average value of equal change intensity of economic change in 2010 is 0.946, and the range of equal change of economy is -0.47, which indicates that the economic benefit of cultivated land production is decreasing. The average value of equal intensity of utilization in 2011 was 0.904, and the range of equal change of utilization was -1.0441.The results showed that the utilization of cultivated land in Nong'an County in 2011 was obviously lower than that in 2010. The average value of intensity of equal change of economy in 2011 was 1.087, and the range of equal change of economy was 0.779, compared with 2010. The benefit of cultivated land production has been improved; The average intensity of equal use in 2012 was 0.933, and the range of equal change of utilization was -0.909, which indicated that the utilization of Nong'an County in 2012 was still decreasing. The average economic change intensity is 0.889, and the economic change range is -1.586, which indicates that the economic benefit of farmland production in Nong'an County in 2012 is still low.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.211

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