京津冀地区的生态质量定量评价

发布时间：2018-06-28 22:34

本文选题：京津冀城市群 + 生态质量指数　；参考：《应用生态学报》2017年08期

【摘要】：生态质量的好坏标志着区域经济社会可持续发展的能力以及社会生产和人居环境稳定可协调的程度,如何定量评价区域生态质量状况与变化,协调其与城镇化的关系,日益成为城市生态学研究的热点.本文选择城市化发展迅速、生态环境问题突出的京津冀城市群为研究对象,基于遥感技术反演京津冀城市群植被覆盖度、生物量和人工表面比例、植被面积百分比等生态参数,结合植被破碎化指数,采用主成分分析法,构建了基于遥感参数的生态质量指数综合模型,定量评价了2000—2010年京津冀城市群生态质量及动态变化.结果表明:本文构建的生态模型可以更客观、综合地定量评估城市与区域的生态质量状况与变化.2000—2010年,京津冀城市群的生态质量指数从2.38上升到2.84,增幅达19.3%.其中,2000—2005年的增幅(12.2%)高于2006—2010年(7.2%).从空间分布来看,生态质量指数的高值区位于京津冀北部,西部、东南部较低.不同城市的生态质量状况及变化趋势不同.承德的生态质量状况最好,并显著高于其他城市;其次为北京、秦皇岛和保定;天津的生态质量最差.承德、北京、秦皇岛和保定的生态质量高于京津冀地区的平均水平;廊坊、天津和沧州的生态质量明显低于平均水平.2000—2010年间,除唐山外,其他城市的生态质量均呈好转趋势.其中,沧州、衡水的生态质量指数提升最显著,增幅分别达520.5%和171.8%.
[Abstract]:The quality of ecology marks the ability of sustainable development of regional economy and society and the degree of stability and coordination between social production and human settlement environment. How to quantitatively evaluate the status and changes of regional ecological quality and coordinate its relationship with urbanization. Increasingly, it has become a hot topic in urban ecology. In this paper, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration with rapid urbanization and prominent ecological environment problems is selected as the research object. Based on remote sensing technology, ecological parameters such as vegetation coverage, biomass and artificial surface ratio, vegetation area percentage and so on are retrieved. Combined with vegetation fragmentation index and principal component analysis, a comprehensive model of ecological quality index based on remote sensing parameters was constructed, and the ecological quality and dynamic changes of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from 2000 to 2010 were quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that the ecological quality index of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration increased from 2.38 to 2.84, an increase of 19.3%. The increase in 2000-2005 (12. 2%) was higher than that in 2006-2010 (7. 2%). From the spatial distribution, the high value region of ecological quality index is located in the north, west and southeast of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The ecological quality of different cities is different. Chengde has the best ecological quality, which is significantly higher than other cities, followed by Beijing, Qinhuangdao and Baoding, and Tianjin has the worst ecological quality. The ecological quality of Chengde, Beijing, Qinhuangdao and Baoding is higher than the average level of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the ecological quality of Langfang, Tianjin and Cangzhou is obviously lower than the average level in 2000-2010, except Tangshan, The ecological quality of other cities showed a trend of improvement. The ecological quality index of Cangzhou and Hengshui was the most significant, which increased by 520.5% and 171.8% respectively.
【作者单位】：中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;环境保护部环境规划院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重大项目(41590841) 全国生态环境十年变化(2000—2010年)遥感调查与评估项目(STSN-12-01) 环境保护部专项(2110203)资助~~
【分类号】：Q14

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