承接产业转移对水环境安全的影响及其评估研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 14:31
【摘要】：随着经济发达地区生产成本及环境规制水平大幅度提高,部分企业逐步将生产活动转移到欠发达地区对当地水环境产生影响。系统研究承接产业转移对水环境的影响,对于实现区域经济与水环境协调可持续发展具有重要意义。本文以承接产业转移的重点区域哈大齐工业走廊(包括哈尔滨、大庆、齐齐哈尔)为研究对象,分析承接产业转移前后该地区工业用水量、污染排放量、水环境治理水平及水质指标变化情况；基于“压力-状态-响应”模型评价哈大齐地区承接产业转移前后水环境安全并分析其变化情况；以哈大齐地区重点承接的污染产业为风险源,构建承接产业转移的水环境相对风险评价模型(RRM),探究承接产业转移水环境压力的根源。 承接产业转移给哈尔滨、大庆及齐齐哈尔水环境带来了压力,且压力主要表现在承接产业转移初期,随着产业转移进程的推进,其对水环境的压力逐步得到缓解。承接产业转移期间,重点行业产值比重变化对工业用水量以及污染排放影响显著。总体来说,农副产品加工业、食品制造业、饮料制造业是影响工业用水量变化的主要因素；医药制造业、机械制造业是影响工业废水排放量的主要因素；医药制造业、食品制造业是影响工业废水氨氮排放的主要因素；石油化工业是影响为工业废水石油类污染排放量变化的主要影响因子。 承接产业转移为哈大齐地区经济与水环境保护协调发展提供了有利契机,通过优化产业结构、加强企业管理与治理使区域内水质得以改善。承接产业转移期间哈大齐地区水环境安全综合指数分别提高了0.005、0.054、0.149,与研究区范围内断面水质类别变化趋势一致。 承接产业转移给哈尔滨带来的水环境风险最大(146.4),其次是大庆(110.7),然后是齐齐哈尔(41.15),排序结果与承接产业转移后水环境安全压力层指数下降程度排序一致。不同风险小区的最主要风险源均不同,哈大齐三个城市主要风险源分别为医药制造业、化学原料及化学制品制造业、食品制造业；各风险小区的主要胁迫因子大致相同,主要有需氧有机污染物、营养物质、生境破坏等；对于生境而言,水域所面临的风险最大；对于评级终点而言,生物多样性减少和生态服务价值受损所面临的风险最大。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of production cost and environmental regulation level in the economically developed areas, some enterprises have gradually transferred their production activities to the less developed areas to have an impact on the local water environment. Systematic study on the impact of industrial transfer on water environment is of great significance for the coordinated and sustainable development of regional economy and water environment. This paper takes the industrial corridor (including Harbin, Daqing, Qiqihar) as the research object, and analyzes the industrial water consumption and pollution emission before and after the industrial transfer. Based on the "pressure-state-response" model, the water environment safety was evaluated and the changes of water environment were analyzed before and after the industrial transfer in Hadaqi area. The water environment relative risk assessment model (RRM) was established to explore the source of water environmental pressure on the industrial transfer with the pollution industry as the risk source. Undertaking industry transfer brings pressure to Harbin Daqing and Qiqihar water environment and the pressure mainly shows in the initial stage of undertaking industry transfer. With the advancement of industrial transfer process its pressure on water environment is gradually alleviated. During the period of industrial transfer, the change of the proportion of output value of key industries has a significant impact on industrial water consumption and pollution emissions. In general, the processing industry of agricultural and sideline products, the food manufacturing industry and the beverage manufacturing industry are the main factors affecting the change of industrial water consumption; the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and the mechanical manufacturing industry are the main factors affecting the discharge of industrial wastewater; the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, Food manufacturing industry is the main factor affecting the ammonia nitrogen emission from industrial wastewater, and petrochemical industry is the main influencing factor to the change of oil pollution discharge from industrial wastewater. Undertaking industrial transfer provides a favorable opportunity for the coordinated development of economy and water environment protection in Hadaqi area. Through optimizing the industrial structure, strengthening the management and management of enterprises, the water quality in the region can be improved. During the period of industrial transfer, the comprehensive index of water environmental safety in Hadaqi area was increased by 0.005 ~ 0.054 ~ 0.149 respectively, which was consistent with the change trend of cross-section water quality in the study area. The water environmental risk to Harbin was the largest (146.4), followed by Daqing (110.7) and Qiqihar (41.15). The ranking result was consistent with the descending degree of water environmental safety pressure layer index after undertaking industrial transfer. The main risk sources of different risk areas are different. The main risk sources in the three cities are pharmaceutical manufacturing, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, food manufacturing, and the main stress factors in each risk area are roughly the same. There are mainly aerobic organic pollutants, nutrients, habitat destruction; for habitat, water face the greatest risk; for the end of the rating, biodiversity loss and damage to the value of ecological services is the biggest risk.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X143
本文编号：2119700
[Abstract]:With the improvement of production cost and environmental regulation level in the economically developed areas, some enterprises have gradually transferred their production activities to the less developed areas to have an impact on the local water environment. Systematic study on the impact of industrial transfer on water environment is of great significance for the coordinated and sustainable development of regional economy and water environment. This paper takes the industrial corridor (including Harbin, Daqing, Qiqihar) as the research object, and analyzes the industrial water consumption and pollution emission before and after the industrial transfer. Based on the "pressure-state-response" model, the water environment safety was evaluated and the changes of water environment were analyzed before and after the industrial transfer in Hadaqi area. The water environment relative risk assessment model (RRM) was established to explore the source of water environmental pressure on the industrial transfer with the pollution industry as the risk source. Undertaking industry transfer brings pressure to Harbin Daqing and Qiqihar water environment and the pressure mainly shows in the initial stage of undertaking industry transfer. With the advancement of industrial transfer process its pressure on water environment is gradually alleviated. During the period of industrial transfer, the change of the proportion of output value of key industries has a significant impact on industrial water consumption and pollution emissions. In general, the processing industry of agricultural and sideline products, the food manufacturing industry and the beverage manufacturing industry are the main factors affecting the change of industrial water consumption; the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and the mechanical manufacturing industry are the main factors affecting the discharge of industrial wastewater; the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, Food manufacturing industry is the main factor affecting the ammonia nitrogen emission from industrial wastewater, and petrochemical industry is the main influencing factor to the change of oil pollution discharge from industrial wastewater. Undertaking industrial transfer provides a favorable opportunity for the coordinated development of economy and water environment protection in Hadaqi area. Through optimizing the industrial structure, strengthening the management and management of enterprises, the water quality in the region can be improved. During the period of industrial transfer, the comprehensive index of water environmental safety in Hadaqi area was increased by 0.005 ~ 0.054 ~ 0.149 respectively, which was consistent with the change trend of cross-section water quality in the study area. The water environmental risk to Harbin was the largest (146.4), followed by Daqing (110.7) and Qiqihar (41.15). The ranking result was consistent with the descending degree of water environmental safety pressure layer index after undertaking industrial transfer. The main risk sources of different risk areas are different. The main risk sources in the three cities are pharmaceutical manufacturing, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, food manufacturing, and the main stress factors in each risk area are roughly the same. There are mainly aerobic organic pollutants, nutrients, habitat destruction; for habitat, water face the greatest risk; for the end of the rating, biodiversity loss and damage to the value of ecological services is the biggest risk.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X143
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