中国城乡收入差距影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 04:32

本文关键词：中国城乡收入差距影响因素研究　出处：《中国青年政治学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济迅速腾飞并持续快速增长,人民的生活水平不断提高,然而在经济建设取得举世瞩目的成就的同时,收入分配不均衡日渐成为当今中国较为突出的社会问题,尤其是城乡的收入分配失衡,这对经济可持续发展、社会公平和稳定提出了严峻挑战。城乡收入差距过大的现状已成为社会主义经济建设过程中无法回避的重要问题。因此,深入研究中国城乡收入差距的影响因素,得到一些具有政策参考性意义的研究结论,并提出相应切实可行的政策措施,对国民经济的健康发展以及和谐社会的建设都具有重要的现实意义。本文从三个方面描述了我国城乡收入差距的现状。首先对改革开放以来我国城乡收入差距总体的变化趋势进行分析,我国城乡收入差距呈阶段性变化特征,但总体趋势是不断扩大的;然后对城乡居民收入构成进行比较,工资性收入的变动趋势及影响力在城乡居民收入中存在较大差异;最后对城乡居民收入区域差异特征分析,总体趋势是东部地区城乡收入公平性高于中、西部地区,西部地区城乡收入差距最大。本文将理论分析与实证分析相结合,对影响中国城乡收入差距的因素(二元经济结构、户籍制度、社会保障制度、财政政策、金融政策、城市化、工业化、经济增长)进行了分析。在运用协整检验、误差修正模型(ECM)对可量化的城乡收入差距影响因素进行回归分析后,发现城乡二元经济结构、城市化、财政支农政策是城乡居民收入差距的主要影响因素。在此基础上,本文对国外加速转变二元经济结构、实现城乡一体化、加大财政支农投入等缩小城乡收入差距的政策措施进行了总结归纳,国际经验对我国解决城乡收入差距问题的起到了借鉴与启示作用,为后续政策研究提供了一个导向。最后根据理论分析和实证检验结果,并结合国际经验,提出了符合我国国情的缩小城乡收入差距的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has taken off rapidly and sustained rapid growth, the standard of living of the people is constantly improving, but at the same time, the economic construction has made remarkable achievements. Income distribution imbalance has increasingly become a more prominent social problem in China, especially the imbalance of income distribution between urban and rural areas, which is conducive to sustainable economic development. Social equity and stability pose a severe challenge. The current situation of excessive income gap between urban and rural areas has become an important issue in the process of socialist economic construction. This paper deeply studies the influencing factors of the income gap between urban and rural areas in China, obtains some conclusions of policy reference significance, and puts forward the corresponding feasible policy measures. This paper describes the current situation of urban-rural income gap in China from three aspects. First of all, the total urban-rural income gap in China since the reform and opening up. The trend of body change was analyzed. The income gap between urban and rural areas in China is characterized by periodic changes, but the overall trend is constantly expanding. Then the income composition of urban and rural residents is compared, the change trend and influence of wage income are different in urban and rural residents' income. Finally, the characteristics of regional income differences between urban and rural residents are analyzed. The overall trend is that the equity of urban and rural income in eastern region is higher than that in central and western regions. The income gap between urban and rural areas in western China is the largest. This paper combines theoretical analysis with empirical analysis to analyze the factors (dual economic structure, household registration system, social security system, fiscal policy) that affect the income gap between urban and rural areas in China. Financial policy, urbanization, industrialization, economic growth) were analyzed. After using co-integration test, error correction model (ECM) to analyze the quantifiable factors affecting urban-rural income gap. It is found that the urban-rural dual economic structure, urbanization, and the policy of fiscal support for agriculture are the main factors affecting the income gap between urban and rural residents. On this basis, this paper accelerates the transformation of dual economic structure and realizes the integration of urban and rural areas abroad. Increasing financial input to agriculture and other policies and measures to reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas are summarized, the international experience to solve the problem of urban-rural income gap play a role in reference and inspiration. Finally, according to the theoretical analysis and empirical test results, combined with the international experience, the paper puts forward some policy recommendations to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas in accordance with the national conditions of our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国青年政治学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7

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