中国在美洲OFDI的基本特征与决定因素

发布时间：2018-03-03 15:04

本文选题：OFDI　切入点：地理分布　出处：《地理学报》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用2004-2014年中国在OFDI(Outward Foreign Direct Investment,对外直接投资)的4616家企业数据,分析了其行业结构特征、地理分布特征及其变动,建立了东道国的属性特征和东道国—母国的关系特征相融合的OFDI区位决定模型,定量识别了中国在美洲OFDI的国别决定因素及其行业间差异。研究发现:(1)中国在美洲OFDI的国家分布高度集中,行业主体是服务业,国有企业为主导投资者,私营企业投资地位不高。但随时间推移,国家分布趋于离散,制造业地位提升、服务业地位下降,私营企业比重上升。(2)国内制造业企业是中国在美洲OFDI的投资主体,且投资行业高度集中于批发零售、商务服务、进出口贸易,这是制造业企业构建国际价值增长链,参与全球化的客观表现,印证了其逐步且连续的国际扩张历程。与制造业公司向服务领域的延伸不同,进出口贸易公司、商务服务公司侧重于原有主营业务优势的拓展。(3)关系变量的引入,有效提升了OFDI国家差别的解释力度。出口显著促进了OFDI,符合互补模型的表现,预示着中国在美洲的OFDI仍处于熟悉海外市场的初始阶段。在这一阶段,良好且紧密的政治社会关系能有效促进OFDI,并且民间力量的推动逊色于国家力量的推动。(4)中国在美洲的OFDI,市场寻求动机最为明显,能源获取动机、技术获取动机、降低生产成本的动机,没有获得模型的充分确认。(5)与批发零售业、商务服务业、制造业追求市场规模的共性不同,地质勘查与开发业更侧重于资源寻求,并由此决定了良好政治关系以及国有企业的特殊重要性。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of 4616 Chinese enterprises in OFDI(Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) from 2004 to 2014, this paper analyzes the characteristics of industry structure, geographical distribution and their changes. The OFDI location determination model is established, which combines the attributes of host country and the relationship between host country and home country. The paper quantitatively identifies the determinants of China's OFDI in the Americas and the differences between industries. The study found that China is highly concentrated in the countries of OFDI in the Americas. The main industry is the service industry, and the state-owned enterprises are the leading investors. The investment status of private enterprises is not high. But over time, the distribution of countries tends to be dispersed, the status of manufacturing industry increases, the status of service industry drops, and the proportion of private enterprises increases.) domestic manufacturing enterprises are the main investment bodies of China in OFDI in the Americas. And the investment industry is highly concentrated in wholesale and retail, business services, import and export trade. This is the objective manifestation of manufacturing enterprises to build international value growth chain and participate in globalization. It confirms its gradual and continuous process of international expansion. Different from the extension of manufacturing companies to the service field, import and export trading companies and business service companies focus on the expansion of the original main business advantages. Export significantly promoted OFDI, consistent with the performance of complementary model, indicating that China's OFDI in the Americas is still in the initial stage of familiarity with overseas markets. Good and close political and social relations can effectively promote the OFDI, and the promotion of folk forces is inferior to that of the national forces.) in China's OFDI in the Americas, market motivation is most obvious, energy acquisition motivation, technology motivation, The motivation of reducing production cost is not fully confirmed by the model. It is different from wholesale and retail trade, business service industry and manufacturing industry in pursuing the generality of market scale. Geological exploration and development industry is more focused on resource seeking. And thus determine good political relations and the special importance of state-owned enterprises.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41571154)~~
【分类号】：F125;F279.2

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