从MDGs到SDG：国际发展目标的转变

发布时间：2018-03-04 02:05

本文选题：千年发展目标　切入点：减贫促发展　出处：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：联合国于2000年制定了千年发展目标(MDGs)。实施至今十余年,MDGs为人类减贫及促进发展事业做出了巨大贡献。但随着2015年最后期限的临近,由于总体进展不乐观、地区发展不平衡、目标进展不一致,包括联合国在内的全球各类组织基本对“MDGs能否按时完成既定目标”持悲观态度。研究认为,一方面MDGs本身设计存在重大缺陷,另一方面MDGs制定至今全球环境发生了巨大变化,这些都是导致MDGs部分失效的原因。由于MDGs将于2015年到期,制定后2015发展议程成为当前国际社会的重要议题。2012年6月联合国可持续发展会议(里约+20峰会)提出的可持续发展(SDG)框架成为2015年后全球发展议程的主流。在制定的背景、步骤及原则方面,SDG的制定需要按照依次确定领域、目标和指标的顺序,并遵循“立足MDGs,联合国主导,完善技术层面”的原则,还应当明晰SDG与MDGs之间是继承和改进的关系,SDG与后2015全球发展框架是包含与被包含的关系；在给出框架的制定建议方面,认为SDG应当立足经济、社会与环境三个维度进行改革,制定目标时应在MDGs基础之上将全球发展形势的变动考虑在内,同时从多方面加强目标的保障与监管机制。中国作为最大的发展中国家,不仅国内MDGs完成情况好,而且对国际减贫事业做出了突出贡献。中国在对待SDG的态度上具有鲜明立场——一方面勇于承担责任,另一方面明确提出“应给予减贫目标优先级”的观点。
[Abstract]:The United Nations formulated the Millennium Development goals (MDGs) in 2000. The Millennium Development goals (MDGs) have made a great contribution to the cause of human poverty reduction and development for more than a decade since their implementation. However, with the deadline of 2015 approaching, the overall progress is not optimistic and the regional development is uneven. Progress has not been consistent, and organizations around the world, including the United Nations, are basically pessimistic about "whether MDGs can meet its established goals on time." the study believes that, on the one hand, there are major flaws in the design of the MDGs itself. On the other hand, great changes have taken place in the global environment since the establishment of MDGs, which are the reasons for the partial failure of MDGs. As the MDGs expires on 2015, The formulation of the post-2015 development agenda has become an important issue for the international community. The framework for sustainable development proposed by the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio 20 Summit) in June 2012 has become the mainstream of the global development agenda after 2015. The formulation of SDGs in the context, steps and principles of development needs to follow the sequence of areas, objectives and indicators identified in turn, and follow the principle of "based on MDGs, led by the United Nations, improved at the technical level", It should also be clear that the relationship between SDG and MDGs is inherited and improved / that the SDG and the post-2015 global development framework are inclusive and inclusive; and that the SDG should be reformed on the basis of three dimensions: economic, social and environmental in the formulation of the framework. When setting goals, we should take the change of global development situation into account on the basis of MDGs, and at the same time strengthen the mechanism of protection and supervision of goals from many aspects. As the largest developing country, China has not only achieved good results of domestic MDGs, but also made outstanding contributions to the cause of international poverty reduction. China has a clear stand on its attitude towards SDG-on the one hand, it has the courage to assume responsibility. On the other hand, the idea of giving priority to poverty reduction targets is clearly put forward.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F113.9

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