浙江省财政支出对城乡居民收入差距的影响

发布时间：2018-03-17 10:44

本文选题：浙江省　切入点：财政支出　出处：《浙江财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放35年来，我国经济不断高速增长，当前已成为世界第二大经济体，，改革取得了巨大的成绩。然而，在我国经济不断快速发展的同时，居民收入分配差距却在不断拉大，主要表现在居民收入分配城乡差距、居民收入分配地域差距和居民收入分配行业差距三个方面，其中城乡居民收入分配差距最为明显。虽然“十一五”时期我国城乡居民收入差距有所缓和，但是从总体上看，我国城乡居民收入差距问题还比较严重。截止到2012年底，我国城乡居民收入相对差距达到3.5倍。过大的城乡居民收入差距不利于我国社会主义和谐社会的建设。解决城乡居民收入差距过大的问题需要政府充分发挥其职能，财政支出作为政府的政策杠杆之一，对于调节收入分配具有重要的意义。基于此，本文主要分析浙江省财政支出对城乡居民收入差距的影响。本文的主要内容如下：第一章是文章的绪论部分。主要介绍了本文选题背景、研究意义、国内外研究现状以及研究内容和研究方法。通过阅读国内外文献，笔者整理了三点内容：城乡收入差距对总体差距的贡献率、造成城乡收入差距的原因、财政支出对城乡居民收入差距的影响、缩小城乡居民收入差距的措施和关于城乡收入差距研究的其他视角。第二章是文章的理论部分。主要介绍了收入分配、财政调节收入分配的理论和财政相关支出项目对城乡收入差距的影响。收入分配差距理论主要介绍了库兹涅茨的“倒U假说”；财政支出调节收入分配差距的理论介绍了福利经济学收入分配理论、罗尔斯的收入分配公平理论和米德的收入再分配理论；财政支出对城乡收入差距的影响上，分别介绍了基本建设支出、支援农村生产支出、农林水事务支出、教育支出以及社会保障对城乡居民收入差距的影响。第三章和第四章是文章的重点部分。第三章介绍了浙江省城乡收入差距的现状、浙江省城乡居民收入差距产生的原因和浙江省财政支出的基本情况，以浙江省1978-2012年的数据为基础，运用图表分析了浙江省自改革开放以来城乡收入差距变动及产生的原因，并介绍了浙江省财政支出中经济性支出和社会性支出的基本情况，主要目的在于将财政支出与城乡居民收入分配差距结合起来。第四章利用数据面板模型，通过选择浙江省30个县市2002-2011年的数据，分别实证分析了浙江省人均经济性支出和人均社会性支出与浙江省城乡居民收入差距的关系。第五章是本文的结论部分，并提出了对策建议。本文研究得出的结论主要有以下几点：第一，人均经济性支出的增加对城乡居民收入差距具有缩小的效应，人均支农支出和人均非支农支出都缩小了城乡居民收入差距；第二，人均社会性支出的增加缩小了城乡居民的收入差距，其中人均教育支出和人均社会保障支出的增加都缩小了城乡居民的收入差距；第三，城市化水平的提高扩大了城乡居民的收入差距，人均国内生产总值对城乡居民收入差距的影响效应不显著，开放程度拉大了城乡居民的收入差距。基于实证分析结果，笔者提出了缩小城乡居民收入分配差距的对策建议：（一）合理安排人均经济性支出，扩大支农支出。首先，要合理安排财政支农支出结构，加大对农业和农村基础设施的投入；其次，要加大对农业科研的投入，提高农业的产出效率；（二）增加人均社会性支出，切实提高农村居民的教育和福利水平。首先，在教育支出上，更大程度上提高对农村地区和经济落后地区的教育投入，优化教育的支出结构，缩小教育投入在农村和城市之间的差距；其次，在社会保障补助支出上，浙江省地方政府应该继续提高社会保障补助支出的水平，统筹城乡劳动就业和社会保障。
[Abstract]:35 years of reform and opening up, China's economy continued rapid growth, the current has become the second largest economy in the world, the reform has made great achievements. However, in China, the fast development of the economy at the same time, the income gap is widening, mainly in the distribution of income gap between urban and rural residents, three aspects the distribution of income gap and regional income gap between the industry and the urban-rural income gap is most obvious. Although the income gap between urban and rural residents in China during the period of 11th Five-Year "eased, but on the whole, the problem of income gap between rural residents of our city is more serious. By the end of 2012, the income of urban and rural residents of our country the gap reached 3.5 times. Large income gap between urban and rural residents is not conducive to the construction of socialist harmonious society in China. The income gap between urban and rural residents to solve the problem of excessive government fully The function of fiscal expenditure is one of the government's policy levers, which is of great significance for regulating the income distribution. Based on this, this paper mainly analyzes the impact of Zhejiang's fiscal expenditure on the income gap between urban and rural residents.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
The first chapter is the introduction part of this paper. This paper mainly introduces the research background, research significance, research status and research content and research methods. Through reading literature, the author analyzed the three points: the income gap between urban and rural areas to the gap of the overall contribution rate, causes the income gap between urban and rural areas, the effect of fiscal expenditure on income the gap between urban and rural residents, narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents and other measures of perspective on the income gap between urban and rural areas.
The second chapter is the theoretical part of the article. This paper mainly introduced the influence of fiscal income distribution, adjusting income distribution theory and fiscal expenditure on income gap between urban and rural areas. The theory of income distribution gap is mainly introduces Kuznets "inverted U hypothesis"; financial expenditure to adjust the income distribution gap theory introduces the welfare economics theory of income distribution. Rawls's theory of income redistribution of income distribution justice theory and Mead; expenditure impact on income gap between urban and rural areas, the paper introduces the basic construction expenditure, expenditure for supporting rural production, forestry and water affairs expenditure, education expenditure and the effect of social security on the income gap between urban and rural residents.
The third chapter and the fourth chapter is the key part of the article. The third chapter introduces the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural areas of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, the basic situation causes the urban-rural income gap and fiscal expenditure of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province in 1978-2012 years based on the data analysis, using chart in Zhejiang province since the reform and opening up urban and rural income the gap between changes and causes, and introduced the basic situation of Zhejiang province economic expenditure expenditure and social spending, the main purpose of the financial expenditure combined with the urban-rural income gap. The fourth chapter uses panel data model, through the selection of 30 counties of Zhejiang province in 2002-2011 years of data, the empirical analysis respectively. The relationship between the income gap between urban and rural residents per capita economic expenditure and social spending per capita in Zhejiang province and Zhejiang province.
The fifth chapter is the conclusion part of this article, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions.
The conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, to increase the per capita economic expenditure has reduced the effect of the income gap between urban and rural residents, per capita expenditure and per capita non agriculture expenditure reduced the urban-rural income gap; second, increase the per capita social expenditure reduces the income gap between urban and rural residents, the per capita education the per capita expenditure and social security expenditure increased narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents; third, city level improved the income gap between urban and rural residents, per capita GDP had no significant effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents, the opening degree of widening the income gap between urban and rural residents.
Based on the results of empirical analysis, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to narrow the gap between urban and rural income distribution: (a) the per capita economic expenditure reasonable arrangement, expand expenditure. First of all, to make reasonable arrangements of fiscal expenditure structure, increase investment in agriculture and rural infrastructure investment; secondly, to increase the agricultural scientific research investment, improve the efficiency of agricultural output; (two) increase the per capita social expenditure, improve the education of rural residents and the welfare level. First of all, the expenditure on education, a greater degree of improvement of education in rural areas and backward areas of economy, optimize the expenditure structure of education, reduce the investment in education in the difference between country and city; secondly, in the social security expenditure, the local government of Zhejiang province should continue to improve the social security expenditure level, urban and rural labor employment and social security.

【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7;F812.45

【参考文献】