技校类与大学类毕业生个人收入差异的统计分析

发布时间：2018-06-12 23:38

本文选题：Rubin因果模型 + 工具变量　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：教育和就业之间的问题,一直以来都是广大学者的研究热点。而教育投资回报率,因其不但是劳动经济学的核心内容,还能较好地反映教育对个人收入的因果效应,使得研究者对教育投资回报率的研究兴趣长盛不衰。在我国,一方面,随着各大高等院校的不断扩招,大学生人数比例日益增加,导致其毕业后就业形势严峻。另一方面,以培养专业技能型人才为办学目的的职业技术类院校社会认可度较低,招生困难,用人单位内部对应岗位存在巨大缺口。针对这一现状,本文以中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据为依据,分析了技校类毕业生和大学类毕业生的个人职业收入差异情况。在模型构建上,以Rubin因果模型为基础,为克服解释变量内生性将工具变量法嵌入其中。根据研究个体所接受的教育水平不同将其分为处理组和控制组,其中处理组成员为技校类毕业生,包括技校和中专;控制组成员为大学类毕业生,包括大学专科和大学本科。接着,利用Stata统计分析软件得到2SLS方法下工具变量估计量的输出结果,即处理效应。在估计时,排除了可能出现自相关、异方差及弱工具变量的情况。然后,将通过估计得到的2012年和2013年技校类毕业生与大学类毕业生个人职业收入水平差异进行对比,发现2012年技校类毕业生个人职业收入水平比大学类毕业生平均低26.4%,2013年技校类毕业生比大学类毕业生平均低17.7%,二者间的收入差距呈明显缩小趋势。最后就研究结果所得到的结论,分析产生这种现象的原因,并就几个方面提出对策建议。
[Abstract]:The problem between education and employment has always been a hot topic for scholars. The return on investment in education is not only the core content of labor economics, but also reflects the causal effect of education on personal income. In our country, on the one hand, with the increasing enrollment of universities and colleges, the proportion of college students is increasing day by day, which leads to the severe employment situation after graduation. On the other hand, the vocational and technical colleges with the aim of cultivating professional and technical talents are low in social recognition, difficult in recruiting students, and there is a huge gap in the corresponding positions within the employing units. In view of this situation, based on the data of China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS), this paper analyzes the difference of personal occupational income between technical school graduates and university graduates. On the basis of Rubin causality model, tool variable method is embedded to overcome the endogenicity of explanatory variables. According to the educational level of the individual, they are divided into treatment group and control group, in which the members of the treatment group are technical school graduates, including technical school and technical secondary school, and the control group members are university graduates, including college students and university graduates. Then, using Stata statistical analysis software, the output of tool variable estimator under 2SLS method is obtained, that is, processing effect. In the estimation, the autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity and weak tool variables are excluded. Then, the differences in the level of personal occupational income of the 2012 and 2013 technical school graduates and those of the university graduates, which were estimated, were compared. It was found that the average income level of technical school graduates in 2012 was 26.4 lower than that of college graduates, and the average income level of technical school graduates in 2013 was 17.7 lower than that of college graduates. Finally, based on the conclusions of the research, the causes of this phenomenon are analyzed, and some countermeasures are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F124.7

【参考文献】