上海金融发展与城乡收入差距关系的实证研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 16:57

本文选题：金融发展 + 城乡收入差距　；参考：《上海理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：经过30多年改革发展,我国已经从贫穷落后的国家发展成为世界第二大经济体,人民生活水平得到巨大改善。伴随着经济的迅速发展,关乎民生的诸多问题也越来越突出,城乡收入差距问题是其中之一。影响城乡收入差距的因素有很多,金融发展是其中较为重要的一个。上海作为中国大陆的金融中心,金融发展水平最高,同时也存在一定的城乡收入差距问题。对上海金融发展与城乡收入差距关系进行研究,探索内在影响机制,分析问题,提出政策建议,对建设和谐社会具有重要现实意义。为了保证课题研究的科学性,本文采用理论分析法、规范分析法以及实证分析法相结合的分析方法对上海金融发展与城乡收入差距的关系进行实证研究。本文首先回顾了国内外研究金融发展与收入差距的相关文献,了解相关研究领域的历史与现状。在金融发展与收入差距经典理论的基础上,从产出和投资两个渠道分析了金融发展影响城乡收入差距的作用机制,总结出金融发展通过工资性收入、经营收入、财产性收入以及转移性收入四条主要路径影响城乡收入差距;其次,分别对上海金融发展与城乡收入差距现状进行描述,并通过收入的四个来源定性地分析了金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响,发现金融发展扩大了城乡收入差距,但最近几年收入差距表现出较为平稳的发展趋势;最后利用1978-2012年相关时间序列数据,构建金融发展规模、金融发展效率、经济发展以及产业结构指标,通过相应的VAR模型,VECM模型,Granger因果检验,脉冲响应以及方差分解研究上海金融发展对城乡收入差距的影响,在此基础上提出缩小上海城乡收入差距的政策建议。实证结果证明:长期内金融发展与城乡收入差距存在稳定的关系,上海金融发展规模的扩张能够缩小城乡收入差距;而上海金融发展效率的提高会带来社会收入分配的不公,表现为城乡收入差距的扩大。说明上海城乡金融发展不均衡,由于政策、风险、收益等原因,金融资源倾向城市,农村金融发展缓慢。在实证分析结论的基础上从金融发展角度提出缩小上海城乡收入差距的政策建议:上海应在健全多元化的金融体系,提高金融体系的效率和质量的同时,重视农村金融发展。应当逐步建立农村资金回流机制,规范非正规金融的发展,大力发展农村小额信贷机构,完善农村信贷担保体系,加快发展政策性农业保险制度,大力推动农村金融创新,丰富农村金融产品和服务。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of reform and development, China has developed from a poor and backward country to the second largest economy in the world, and its people's living standards have been greatly improved. With the rapid development of economy, many problems related to people's livelihood are becoming more and more prominent, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is one of them. There are many factors that affect the income gap between urban and rural areas, financial development is one of the more important. As a financial center in mainland China, Shanghai has the highest level of financial development, and there is also a certain income gap between urban and rural areas. It is of great practical significance to study the relationship between the financial development of Shanghai and the income gap between urban and rural areas, to explore the internal influence mechanism, to analyze the problems, and to put forward some policy suggestions for the construction of a harmonious society. In order to ensure the scientific nature of the research, this paper uses the theoretical analysis method, the normative analysis method and the empirical analysis method to analyze the relationship between the financial development of Shanghai and the income gap between urban and rural areas. Firstly, this paper reviews the literature on financial development and income gap at home and abroad, and finds out the history and present situation of related research fields. On the basis of the classical theory of financial development and income gap, this paper analyzes the mechanism of financial development influencing the income gap between urban and rural areas from the two channels of output and investment, and concludes that the financial development through wage income, operating income, Property income and transfer income affect the income gap between urban and rural areas. Secondly, the current situation of financial development and urban-rural income gap in Shanghai is described. Through the qualitative analysis of the influence of the financial development on the urban-rural income gap through the four sources of income, it is found that the financial development has enlarged the urban-rural income gap, but the income gap has shown a relatively stable development trend in recent years. Finally, by using the relevant time series data from 1978 to 2012, the scale of financial development, the efficiency of financial development, the economic development and the industrial structure are constructed, and the corresponding VAR model and VECM model are tested by Granger causality test. The impulse response and variance decomposition are used to study the impact of financial development on the income gap between urban and rural areas in Shanghai. On this basis, some policy suggestions are proposed to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas in Shanghai. The empirical results show that there is a stable relationship between the financial development and the urban-rural income gap in the long run, and the expansion of the scale of financial development in Shanghai can narrow the urban-rural income gap, while the improvement of the financial development efficiency in Shanghai will lead to unfair distribution of social income. This is manifested in the widening income gap between urban and rural areas. It shows that the development of Shanghai's urban and rural finance is not balanced, because of policy, risk, income and so on, the financial resources tend to be urban, and the rural financial development is slow. Based on the conclusion of empirical analysis, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas from the perspective of financial development: Shanghai should pay attention to the development of rural finance while improving the efficiency and quality of the financial system while perfecting the diversified financial system. We should gradually establish a mechanism for the return of rural funds, standardize the development of informal finance, vigorously develop rural micro-credit institutions, improve the rural credit guarantee system, speed up the development of policy-oriented agricultural insurance systems, and vigorously promote rural financial innovation. Enrich rural financial products and services.
【学位授予单位】：上海理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7;F832.7

【参考文献】