ImPACTS框架下西北典型生态经济问题研究综述
发布时间：2018-08-17 18:41
【摘要】：与传统学科界限鲜明不同,生态经济学强调跨学科交叉研究,注重让问题来决定研究工具集,而不是由研究工具来决定合适的对象。由于生态经济问题涉及生态系统与社会经济系统,研究对象属性多样、关系复杂,既有采用传统意义上的生态经济学方法如生态系统服务价值核算等方法,也包括生活质量、生计途径、消费评估等社会学方法。因此,采取关注学科主要方法发展演化的思路,难以系统地总结生态经济研究进展。我国西北地区生态环境脆弱,经济发展相对落后,无疑是生态经济研究的"天然典型实验场",取得了大量的研究成果。遵循从研究对象出发的思路,采用经典的ImPACTS等式框架,以更宽泛的视野和系统的思维框架综述了西北地区典型生态经济实证研究的思路,即:采用等级层次分析方法研究生态系统和经济系统某个或多个结构性成分及其关系,再用实际结果检验其正确性。综述重要进展包括:可持续性衡量从物质、能量和信息角度开展了水资源承载力、生态足迹、能值与上升性的研究;生态系统服务和自然资本的价值评估开展了条件估值和选择模型,以及环境经济账户、物质流等集成核算工作;人类福利状况评价开展了幸福及生活质量核算工作;开展了生态补偿全流程的实证研究工作;集成模拟模型开展了空间建模环境的构建及简单自然过程的模拟,以LUCC和生态补偿为例进行了较好的自然过程和人文因素相耦合的集成模拟研究;以社会适应性能力作为整体性指标研究了社会资源对水资源的适应作用,将社会资源解耦为文化类型、社会资本和制度三个维度进行实证分析。在此基础上,提出了未来开展研究的建议。
[Abstract]:Different from the traditional discipline, ecological economics emphasizes interdisciplinary research, and focuses on the decision of research tool set by the problem, not the suitable object by the research tool. Because the ecological economy problem involves ecosystem and social economic system, the object of study is diverse and the relationship is complicated, both the traditional methods of ecological economics, such as ecosystem service value accounting, and the quality of life are adopted. Means of livelihood, consumption evaluation and other sociological methods. Therefore, it is difficult to systematically summarize the progress of ecological economy research by adopting the idea of focusing on the main methods of discipline development and evolution. The ecological environment of northwest China is fragile and the economic development is relatively backward. It is undoubtedly a "natural typical experimental field" for the study of ecological economy, and a large number of research results have been obtained. Following the train of thought from the research object and adopting the classical ImPACTS equality framework, this paper summarizes the ideas of the typical ecological economy empirical research in Northwest China with a broader vision and a systematic thinking framework. That is to say, the hierarchical analysis method is used to study one or more structural components of ecosystem and economic system and their relationships, and the correctness of the method is verified by the actual results. Important advances in the review include: sustainability measurement has carried out research on the carrying capacity of water resources, ecological footprint, energy and ascendancy from the perspective of material, energy and information; The valuation of ecosystem services and natural capital carried out conditional valuation and selection models, as well as integrated accounting of environmental and economic accounts, material flows, human welfare assessment, happiness and quality of life accounting; An empirical study on the whole process of ecological compensation has been carried out, and the integrated simulation model has carried out the construction of spatial modeling environment and the simulation of simple natural processes. Taking LUCC and ecological compensation as an example, a better integrated simulation study of the coupling of natural process and human factors is carried out, and the adaptation of social resources to water resources is studied with the ability of social adaptability as an integral index. The social resources are decoupled into three dimensions: cultural type, social capital and institution. On this basis, suggestions for future research are put forward.
【作者单位】： 兰州大学经济学院;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室;兰州财经大学外语学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“需水管理导向的农村居民用水行为研究——以黑河流域为例”(批准号:41571516) 中国博士后科学基金项目“基于LCA和DEA方法结合的西北绿洲农业生态经济效率研究”(批准号:2016M590980)
【分类号】：F124.5
，
本文编号：2188547
[Abstract]:Different from the traditional discipline, ecological economics emphasizes interdisciplinary research, and focuses on the decision of research tool set by the problem, not the suitable object by the research tool. Because the ecological economy problem involves ecosystem and social economic system, the object of study is diverse and the relationship is complicated, both the traditional methods of ecological economics, such as ecosystem service value accounting, and the quality of life are adopted. Means of livelihood, consumption evaluation and other sociological methods. Therefore, it is difficult to systematically summarize the progress of ecological economy research by adopting the idea of focusing on the main methods of discipline development and evolution. The ecological environment of northwest China is fragile and the economic development is relatively backward. It is undoubtedly a "natural typical experimental field" for the study of ecological economy, and a large number of research results have been obtained. Following the train of thought from the research object and adopting the classical ImPACTS equality framework, this paper summarizes the ideas of the typical ecological economy empirical research in Northwest China with a broader vision and a systematic thinking framework. That is to say, the hierarchical analysis method is used to study one or more structural components of ecosystem and economic system and their relationships, and the correctness of the method is verified by the actual results. Important advances in the review include: sustainability measurement has carried out research on the carrying capacity of water resources, ecological footprint, energy and ascendancy from the perspective of material, energy and information; The valuation of ecosystem services and natural capital carried out conditional valuation and selection models, as well as integrated accounting of environmental and economic accounts, material flows, human welfare assessment, happiness and quality of life accounting; An empirical study on the whole process of ecological compensation has been carried out, and the integrated simulation model has carried out the construction of spatial modeling environment and the simulation of simple natural processes. Taking LUCC and ecological compensation as an example, a better integrated simulation study of the coupling of natural process and human factors is carried out, and the adaptation of social resources to water resources is studied with the ability of social adaptability as an integral index. The social resources are decoupled into three dimensions: cultural type, social capital and institution. On this basis, suggestions for future research are put forward.
【作者单位】： 兰州大学经济学院;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室;兰州财经大学外语学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“需水管理导向的农村居民用水行为研究——以黑河流域为例”(批准号:41571516) 中国博士后科学基金项目“基于LCA和DEA方法结合的西北绿洲农业生态经济效率研究”(批准号:2016M590980)
【分类号】：F124.5
，
本文编号：2188547
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