产业结构变动对我国能源效率的影响研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 09:35

【摘要】：改革开放以来，，中国的经济得到飞速的发展，与此同时，经济发展对中国的能源需求也加快，经济增长表现出对能源高消费和强依赖的特点。我国虽然是能源总量大国，但人均能源水平却非常低。在国家政策的大力支持下，能源效率自改革开放以来有所提高，能源消费弹性系数在大多数年份都低于1，这是非常令人惊喜的。但是，与世界发达国家和同等水平的发展中国家相比，我国能源效率依然偏低，提高我国能源效率任重而道远。产业结构调整不仅可以促进经济的高速增长，还会对能源效率产生重大影响。因此，对我国产业结构调整和能源效率的关系进行相关方面的研究，不仅能够提高我国能源利用效率，而且能够保证我国国民经济的健康发展。此外，通过产业结构调整对能源效率的实证分析，为决策部门制订我国能源消费与经济增长可持续发展的方针政策起到参考作用。本文在此背景和意义下，首先按照先国外后国内的顺序，对研究产业结构、能源效率以及两者之间的关系的相关文献进行整理和分析。然后对我国产业结构与能源利用的现状进行分析。由于传统按地理位置将我国划分为东部、中部、西部具有一定的局限性，文中采用动态聚类分析方法，按平均能源效率将我国划分为高、中、低能源效率区域，以便在各个能源效率区域内进行相关的实证分析。在理论分析方面，首先将能源效率分解为结构份额和效率份额，对能源效率进行分解分析。接着，从产业结构演变和产业结构优化两个角度分析产业结构变动对我国能源效率影响的传导机制。最后，在借鉴以往研究的基础上，重点分析了产业结构以及技术进步、经济发展水平、投资水平、能源价格、能源结构等变量对能源效率的影响。在实证分析方面，将能源效率作为因变量，产业结构、技术进步、投资水平、经济发展水平、能源价格以及能源消费结构这六个因素作为解释变量，构建计量模型，运用2003-2012年的面板数据在全国及三个不同能源效率区域内进行计量模型的回归分析，并根据回归结果对各变量对能源效率的影响进行分析，其中重点阐述产业结构变动对能源效率的影响。通过上述分析，本文得出以下结论：1.通过对我国产业结构与能源利用的现状分析发现，与改革开放初期相比，我国产业结构和能源效率有了很大的改善和提高，但是现阶段我国产业结构依然不太合理，能源效率较低；2.从我国近几年的数据分析来看，产业结构变动对全国和各能源效率区都有显著影响，调整和优化产业结构能够提高我国能源效率；3.产业结构以及其它影响因素对能源效率的影响程度在全国和各能源效率区是不同的。基于以上结论，本文提出以下三大政策建议：调整和优化产业结构，促进产业结构升级；产业结构升级与其它影响因素协调发展；各能源效率区域应采取区别性的提升能源效率的政策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening to the outside world, China's economy has been developing rapidly. At the same time, the economic development of China's energy demand is also accelerated, economic growth shows the characteristics of high energy consumption and strong dependence. Although China is a large country of energy, the per capita energy level is very low. With the strong support of national policies, energy efficiency has improved since the reform and opening up, and the elastic coefficient of energy consumption is below 1 in most years, which is very surprising. However, compared with the developed countries in the world and the developing countries of the same level, China's energy efficiency is still on the low side, and there is a long way to go to improve the energy efficiency of our country. Industrial structure adjustment can not only promote the rapid economic growth, but also have a significant impact on energy efficiency. Therefore, the research on the relationship between industrial structure adjustment and energy efficiency can not only improve the efficiency of energy utilization, but also ensure the healthy development of our national economy. In addition, through the empirical analysis of energy efficiency through industrial structure adjustment, it can be used as a reference for the policy-making departments to formulate the principles and policies of sustainable development of energy consumption and economic growth in China. In this background and significance, firstly, according to the order of foreign countries and then domestic, this paper collates and analyzes the related literature on industrial structure, energy efficiency and the relationship between the industrial structure, energy efficiency and the relationship between industry structure, energy efficiency and the relationship between industry structure and energy efficiency. Then it analyzes the current situation of industrial structure and energy utilization in China. Because of the limitation of the traditional method of dividing our country into the east, the middle and the west according to the geographical position, the dynamic cluster analysis method is used to divide our country into high, middle and low energy efficiency regions according to the average energy efficiency. In order to carry on the relevant empirical analysis in each energy efficiency area. In theoretical analysis, energy efficiency is firstly decomposed into structural share and efficiency share, and energy efficiency is decomposed and analyzed. Then, the transmission mechanism of the influence of industrial structure change on China's energy efficiency is analyzed from the perspective of industrial structure evolution and industrial structure optimization. Finally, on the basis of the previous research, the paper analyzes the influence of industrial structure and technological progress, economic development level, investment level, energy price, energy structure on energy efficiency. In empirical analysis, energy efficiency is taken as dependent variable, industrial structure, technological progress, investment level, economic development level, energy price and energy consumption structure are taken as explanatory variables to construct econometric model. The panel data from 2003 to 2012 are used to carry out regression analysis of econometric models in China and three different energy efficiency regions, and according to the regression results, the effects of various variables on energy efficiency are analyzed. Among them, the impact of industrial structure change on energy efficiency is expounded. Through the above analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: 1. By analyzing the present situation of industrial structure and energy utilization in China, it is found that compared with the initial stage of reform and opening up, the industrial structure and energy efficiency of our country have been greatly improved and improved, but at the present stage the industrial structure of our country is still not very reasonable. Energy efficiency is low; From the data analysis of China in recent years, the change of industrial structure has a significant impact on the whole country and every energy efficiency area, adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure can improve the energy efficiency of our country. The influence of industrial structure and other factors on energy efficiency is different in China and different energy efficiency regions. Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward the following three policy suggestions: adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure, promoting the industrial structure upgrading, coordinating the development of the industrial structure with other influencing factors; Energy efficiency regions should adopt differentiated policies to improve energy efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F121.3

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