近20年日本经济伦理思想研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 04:10

【摘要】：近年来,中国在经济发展的过程中,贫富差距扩大、失业率升高、就学难、就医难、环境问题、区域经济发展不协调、人口老龄化等等与伦理相关的问题频发。2011年3月,政府发布了第十二个五年规划,将上述问题的解决作为中国政府经济发展战略提上日程。由此可见,经济伦理问题再次受到重视,对于处于经济转型期的中国,如何平衡经济与伦理的关系更是刻不容缓。从地理位置来看,中日两国同属于东亚文化圈国家；从经济发展历程来看,中日两国都经历了抑商、轻商、重商的过程；从现代经济发展模式来看,中日两国同属于后发型现代化国家；从现代化指导思想来看,中国洋务运动倡导的“中体西用”和日本明治维新前后提出的“和魂洋才”极其相似；而至现代,中日两国分别以高新科学技术和低廉的劳动力成本推动了本国产品的大量出口,造成了国际收支的大额顺差,两国经济得到了高速发展。日本经济即使在20世纪90年代泡沫经济破灭后进入低迷期,却仍保持着一定的增长趋势。由于中日两国在经济发展过程中的相似性和时滞性,分析近20年日本经济伦理思想,总结和归纳日本经济伦理思想的经验和教训,对促进我国经济发展具有借鉴意义。本文首先简要梳理了国内外关于日本经济伦理思想的研究概况,回顾了二战后日本经济伦理思想的发展历程,考察了近20年日本经济伦理思想产生的历史背景、思想渊源和理论基础,梳理了日本自由至上主义、平等主义和马克思主义经济伦理思想的发展和现状,重点介绍和探讨了日本自由至上主义代表森村进、桥本祜子,平等主义代表竹内章郎、立岩真也和马克思主义代表松井晓、今村仁司的经济伦理思想,为本文进一步考察近20年日本经济伦理思想的特点及其成因提供充足的材料。仅仅是介绍各学派的经济伦理思想,显然无法充分体现日本各学派经济伦理思想的特点。本文力求通过学派间的纵向和与欧美国家的横向比较,赋予日本经济伦理思想研究多方位、多角度的研究视野。文章总结了近20年日本经济伦理思想关注的“自我所有”的正义、交换的正义和分配的正义三个焦点问题,多角度分析得出日本经济伦理在论证方法、思想内容以及观点多元化的特点和局限性,并从经济现状、传统习惯和文化根源三个方面分析了其局限性的形成原因。最后,结合我国现阶段的国情可以发现,日本的经济伦理思想对我国社会经济的发展有重要的启示意义：第一,社会经济发展应注重经济伦理的巨大作用；第二,正义观的树立应符合具体国情；第三,完善社会保障制度的建立,保障公民的基本权益与福利；第四,机会平等的实现在于能力平等。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in the process of economic development in China, the gap between the rich and the poor has widened, the unemployment rate has risen, it is difficult to study, to seek medical treatment, environmental problems, regional economic development is not coordinated, population aging and other ethics-related problems occur frequently. The government has issued its twelfth five-year plan to address these problems as part of the Chinese government's economic development strategy. It can be seen that the issue of economic ethics is paid more attention again, and it is urgent to balance the relationship between economy and ethics in China in the period of economic transition. From the geographical point of view, China and Japan both belong to the East Asian cultural circle countries, from the economic development process, both China and Japan have experienced the process of restraining business, light business, and emphasizing commerce. From the view of modern economic development mode, both China and Japan belong to the post-hairstyle modern country, and from the guiding ideology of modernization, the Chinese Westernization Movement advocates "the use of the Chinese body and the West", which is very similar to the "Harmony and Yang Talent" proposed by Japan before and after the Meiji Restoration. In modern times, China and Japan, with high and new technology and low labor cost, have promoted a large amount of export of their own products, resulting in a large surplus in the balance of payments, and the two countries' economies have developed at a high speed. Even though the Japanese economy entered a downturn after the bubble economy burst in the 1990s, it still maintained a certain growth trend. Because of the similarity and delay between China and Japan in the process of economic development, the analysis of Japanese economic ethics in the past 20 years and the summing up and summing up of the experiences and lessons of Japanese economic ethics are of great significance for promoting the economic development of our country. Firstly, this paper briefly reviews the research situation of Japanese economic ethics thought at home and abroad, reviews the development of Japanese economic ethics thought after World War II, and examines the historical background of Japanese economic ethics thought in recent 20 years. The ideological origin and theoretical basis of Japanese liberal supremacy, egalitarianism and Marxist economic ethics of the development and status quo, focusing on the Japanese free supremacy on behalf of Morimura, Hashimoto Hu son, The economic ethics thoughts of Ishihiro Takagi, Ishihito and Masahiro Matsui, Ishimura, provide sufficient materials for this article to further investigate the characteristics and causes of Japanese economic ethics in the past 20 years. Just introducing the economic ethics thought of each school obviously can not fully reflect the characteristics of the economic ethics thought of each school in Japan. Through the vertical and horizontal comparison between the schools of thought and the European and American countries, this paper tries to endow the study of Japanese economic ethics with a multi-directional and multi-angle perspective. This paper summarizes the three focal issues of "self-ownership" justice, exchange justice and distributive justice, which are concerned by Japanese economic ethics in the past 20 years, and concludes the demonstration methods of Japanese economic ethics from different angles. This paper analyzes the characteristics and limitations of the diversity of ideological content and viewpoints, and analyzes the forming reasons of its limitations from three aspects: the present economic situation, the traditional habits and the cultural roots. Finally, combined with the current situation of our country, we can find that Japan's economic ethics thought has important enlightenment significance to the development of our country's social economy: first, the social and economic development should pay attention to the enormous function of the economic ethics; Second, the establishment of the concept of justice should be in line with the specific national conditions; third, improve the establishment of the social security system to protect the basic rights and interests of citizens and welfare; fourth, the realization of equal opportunities lies in equal capacity.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F131.3

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