中国500强的行业结构时空演变研究
发布时间：2019-07-05 09:47
【摘要】：“中国500强”,即由中国大陆在全球证券市场上市的公司中经营规模最大的500家公司组成,这些公司是中国企业中最优秀的部分,是当代中国支柱产业的集中体现,在一定程度上决定了中国未来经济和支柱产业的发展方向。基于2009-2014年“中国500强”数据,从企业数量和营业收入角度对中国500强的行业结构和区域差异演变进行统计描述,继而分析中国各省市的行业结构特征及其产生区域发展差异的影响因素,运用偏离—份额模型评价了中国500强的行业发展状况。结果表明:(1)2009-2014年,制造业在国民经济当中仍占主导地位,是不可或缺的支柱行业;金融业、建筑业、批发和零售业以及房地产业发展势头强劲,是支柱行业的重要组成部分。中国500强各行业的区位熵与营业收入规模不匹配现象较为普遍。就专业化水平而言,农林牧渔业区域专业化水平较高,制造业的省域专业化水平差距较小;无论是知识密集型服务业还是传统服务业,都趋向集聚在东部和中部地区,其中,知识密集型服务业的专业化程度较低,其发展还有很大的上升空间。中国500强的地理集中度不断提升,东部地区特别是北京、上海、广东3省市以及香港地区是中国500强企业及其营业收入的主要集聚区域。(2)中国各省市行业结构的空间格局表现为:行业结构多元化、简单化与单一化并存,呈阶梯状分布;制造业占主导,但各省市制造业所占份额差距大;服务业趋于向东部省市集中;产业结构效益的区域差异显著,各省市普遍存在上榜企业数量与其收入不匹配的现象。(3)偏离—份额分析模型表明:东部地区多元化的行业结构带来的结构效益远高于中西部地区简单化、单一化的行业结构带来的结构效益,具有全面优势的省份集中在东西部地区,东北地区无全面优势省份。就各行业而言,各省市的农林牧渔业均不具有竞争优势;制造业的优势显著,对区域增长带动明显;东部地区的服务业发展优于其他地区,其中批发和零售业的发展态势最为良好,而知识密集型服务业的竞争力却有待提升。
文内图片：
图片说明：中国500强制造业区位熵分布
[Abstract]:The "Top 500 companies in China", that is, the 500 largest companies listed in the global securities market in mainland China, are the best part of Chinese enterprises and the concentrated embodiment of the pillar industries in contemporary China. To a certain extent, they determine the future development direction of China's economy and pillar industries. Based on the data of "Top 500 in China" from 2009 to 2014, this paper makes a statistical description of the industry structure and regional difference evolution of the top 500 in China from the point of view of the number of enterprises and operating income, then analyzes the characteristics of the industry structure of each province and city in China and the influencing factors of the regional development differences, and evaluates the development of the top 500 industries in China by using the deviation-share model. The results show that: (1) from 2009 to 2014, manufacturing still dominates the national economy and is an indispensable pillar industry, and the financial industry, construction industry, wholesale and retail industry and real estate industry have strong development momentum and are an important part of the pillar industry. The mismatch between location entropy and operating income scale of the top 500 industries in China is more common. As far as the specialization level is concerned, the specialization level of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery region is higher, and the gap of provincial specialization level of manufacturing industry is small. Both knowledge-intensive service industry and traditional service industry tend to concentrate in the eastern and central regions, among which the specialization degree of knowledge-intensive service industry is low, and there is still a lot of room for its development. The geographical concentration of the top 500 in China is increasing. The eastern region, especially Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Hong Kong, are the main agglomeration areas of the top 500 enterprises and their business income in China. (2) the spatial pattern of the industry structure of each province and city in China is as follows: the industry structure is diversified, simplification and simplification coexist, showing ladder distribution, manufacturing industry is dominant, but the share gap of manufacturing industry in each province and city is large; The service industry tends to concentrate to the eastern provinces and cities; There are significant regional differences in the benefits of industrial structure, and there is a general phenomenon that the number of enterprises listed on the list does not match their income. (3) the deviation-share analysis model shows that the structural benefits brought by the diversified industry structure in the eastern region are much higher than those in the central and western regions, and the structural benefits brought by the unitary industry structure are concentrated in the eastern and western regions, while the northeast regions have no overall advantages. As far as various industries are concerned, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in all provinces and cities do not have competitive advantages; the advantages of manufacturing industry are significant and drive regional growth obviously; the development of service industry in the eastern region is better than that in other regions, among which the development trend of wholesale and retail industry is the best, while the competitiveness of knowledge-intensive service industry needs to be improved.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F121.3
本文编号：2510440
文内图片：
图片说明：中国500强制造业区位熵分布
[Abstract]:The "Top 500 companies in China", that is, the 500 largest companies listed in the global securities market in mainland China, are the best part of Chinese enterprises and the concentrated embodiment of the pillar industries in contemporary China. To a certain extent, they determine the future development direction of China's economy and pillar industries. Based on the data of "Top 500 in China" from 2009 to 2014, this paper makes a statistical description of the industry structure and regional difference evolution of the top 500 in China from the point of view of the number of enterprises and operating income, then analyzes the characteristics of the industry structure of each province and city in China and the influencing factors of the regional development differences, and evaluates the development of the top 500 industries in China by using the deviation-share model. The results show that: (1) from 2009 to 2014, manufacturing still dominates the national economy and is an indispensable pillar industry, and the financial industry, construction industry, wholesale and retail industry and real estate industry have strong development momentum and are an important part of the pillar industry. The mismatch between location entropy and operating income scale of the top 500 industries in China is more common. As far as the specialization level is concerned, the specialization level of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery region is higher, and the gap of provincial specialization level of manufacturing industry is small. Both knowledge-intensive service industry and traditional service industry tend to concentrate in the eastern and central regions, among which the specialization degree of knowledge-intensive service industry is low, and there is still a lot of room for its development. The geographical concentration of the top 500 in China is increasing. The eastern region, especially Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Hong Kong, are the main agglomeration areas of the top 500 enterprises and their business income in China. (2) the spatial pattern of the industry structure of each province and city in China is as follows: the industry structure is diversified, simplification and simplification coexist, showing ladder distribution, manufacturing industry is dominant, but the share gap of manufacturing industry in each province and city is large; The service industry tends to concentrate to the eastern provinces and cities; There are significant regional differences in the benefits of industrial structure, and there is a general phenomenon that the number of enterprises listed on the list does not match their income. (3) the deviation-share analysis model shows that the structural benefits brought by the diversified industry structure in the eastern region are much higher than those in the central and western regions, and the structural benefits brought by the unitary industry structure are concentrated in the eastern and western regions, while the northeast regions have no overall advantages. As far as various industries are concerned, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in all provinces and cities do not have competitive advantages; the advantages of manufacturing industry are significant and drive regional growth obviously; the development of service industry in the eastern region is better than that in other regions, among which the development trend of wholesale and retail industry is the best, while the competitiveness of knowledge-intensive service industry needs to be improved.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F121.3
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