上市公司中小股东权益审计保护问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 00:16

本文关键词：上市公司中小股东权益审计保护问题研究　出处：《湖南大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中小股东权益保护问题是资本市场寻求利益公平的核心问题，是各国证券监管的重点，也是经济学的研究热点。目前，学术理论界就如何对中小股东权益审计保护的系统研究尚属空白，而且我国的资本市场存在着中小股东权益诉求的紧迫性，“上市公司中小股东权益审计保护问题研究”顺应了中小股东权益保护的实践和研究需要，体现了公司制度的公平，对于促进中小股东权益审计保护机制在我国的形成以及提升我国独立审计质量等具有较重要的理论意义和实践价值。本文基于委托代理等理论，运用规范研究与实证分析相结合的方法，从审计的需求和供给两个维度系统分析了中小股东权益审计保护机理，提出中小股东权益审计保护的有效性须依赖赋决定权于审计委员会的审计师选聘机制、“无过错责任原则”的归责理念及特殊普通合伙制的审计赔偿机制、社会责任审计的实施规范。首先，本文针对控制权与现金流权的分离引起的大股东和中小股东的代理冲突分析发现中小股东自我保护形同虚设、所有权安排对中小股东权益保护的失效、中小股东权益的法律保护失衡，而审计能够缓解中小股东与大股东之间的代理问题，有效约束大股东的侵占行为，是一种有效的中小股东权益保护机制。提出审计保护机制的实现路径依赖于中小股东选择高质量的审计需求和会计师事务所提供高质量的审计供给。提供高质量审计供需应解决审计保护的关键问题：改进审计师选聘机制和审计责任追究制度、规范社会责任审计。其次，运用上市公司2008-2010年的样本数据，选择审计声誉作为审计质量的替代变量，研究了大股东侵占与高质量审计供需的相关性，，实证检验发现大股东和中小股东代理冲突越严重，上市公司越不愿聘请审计声誉好的会计师事务所，审计师发表标准审计意见的可能性越大，初步验证了中小股东权益受损越严重，对高质量审计供给和需求就越低。进一步地实证研究发现在不当股利支付政策、非公允关联交易以及非效率投资这三种常见的大股东侵占方式下，侵占越严重，对高质量的审计需求越低，而除了非公允关联交易外，高质量审计供给也与大股东的侵占程度成反比，与初步检验基本吻合。主要原因来自于审计师选聘机制和审计责任追究制度的缺陷、社会责任审计制度的缺失。最后，针对中小股东权益审计保护的理论研究和实证检验得出的结论分别论述，要提高中小股东选择高质量审计需求的动力和会计师事务所提供高质量审计的主动性，强化审计对中小股东权益的保护作用，提出有关制度的完善措施与实务改进对策：（1）赋予审计委员会的审计师聘用和辞聘的终极决定权，以改进现有的审计师选聘机制。为此，应通过改革审计委员会的选聘机制、明确审计委员会的职责、完善审计委员会的独立董事制度和工作制度来提高审计委员会的治理效率；（2）审计法律责任界定中实施“无过错责任原则”，完善“无过错责任原则”的立法和司法的相关政策；（3）针对现有审计赔偿机制的缺陷，应积极采用特殊普通合伙制组织形式，构建完备的合伙人个人信用体系、注册会计师执业责任保险制度等会计师事务政策建议来推动特殊普通合伙事务所的健康发展；（4）构建了包括审计主体、审计内容、审计评价指标、审计程序和方法的社会责任审计模式。运用层次分析法与问卷调查法，在整合提炼现有的社会责任评价相关标准基础之上，创建了以社会责任报告为核心的社会责任管理、社会责任认知、企业战略、企业声誉、商业伙伴等4个定性和23个定量的社会责任审计评价指标，提高审计供需质量。
[Abstract]:The protection of medium and small shareholders ' equity is the core issue of seeking benefit equity in the capital market . It is the focus of national security supervision and the research focus of economics . At present , the research on how to protect the minority shareholder ' s rights and interests is still blank , and the research on the protection of minority shareholders ' equity in China is in compliance with the practice and research needs of the protection of minority shareholders ' equity . Based on the theory of principal agent and so on , this paper analyzes the mechanism of audit protection of minority shareholder ' s equity from the demand and supply of audit , and puts forward the audit protection mechanism of minority shareholder ' s equity from the demand and supply of audit . The author puts forward that the validity of the audit protection of minority shareholders ' equity should depend on the audit committee ' s choosing mechanism , the principle of liability without fault liability and the auditing compensation mechanism of special general partnership , and the implementation of social responsibility audit . First of all , the analysis of agency conflict between the large shareholder and the small shareholder , which is caused by the separation of the right of control and cash flow , finds that the minority shareholder ' s self - protection forms the same , and the ownership arrangement is an effective mechanism to protect the minority shareholder ' s rights and interests . The realization path of the audit protection mechanism depends on the selection of high - quality audit demand by the small and medium shareholders and the provision of high - quality audit supply . The key problem of audit protection is to improve the selection mechanism of the auditor and the accountability system of audit responsibility , and regulate the auditing of social responsibility . Secondly , using the sample data of listed companies for 2008 - 2010 , selecting audit reputation as an alternative variable of audit quality , the paper studies the correlation between large shareholder encroachment and high - quality audit supply and demand . The more serious , the more the listed companies do not wish to hire auditors with good audit reputation , the more serious the higher - quality audit demand is , the lower the high - quality audit supply and the encroachment degree of the big shareholders . The main reason is the deficiency of the auditor ' s selection mechanism and the audit responsibility investigation system , and the lack of the audit system of social responsibility . In the end , according to the theory research and empirical test of the protection of minority shareholder ' s equity , the paper discusses that it is necessary to improve the audit committee ' s management efficiency through reform of the audit committee ' s selection mechanism , perfect the independent director system and the working system of the audit committee , and ( 3 ) to establish the audit committee ' s independent director system and the working system to improve the auditing committee ' s health development ; ( 2 ) to build up the audit evaluation index of social responsibility , such as the audit principal , audit content , audit evaluation index , audit procedure and method .

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F239.4;F832.51

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