创业板IPO公司盈余管理对审计费用的影响

发布时间：2018-04-16 15:19

本文选题：IPO + 盈余管理　；参考：《福建农林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2009年10月创业板正式设立,丰富了我国资本市场体系,为高新技术型中小企业带来福音,一定程度上缓解中小企业融资压力。为此,具有良好成长性的中小企业力争涌进资本市场,实现由私人筹资向社会公众募股的转变。然而新股发行后普遍存在IPO前后业绩“大变脸”的现象,已有学者证实是由于IPO过程中存在盈余管理行为所致。企业管理者为了满足中国证监会设定的上市要求,灵活运用会计政策和估计实施应计盈余管理行为,调整企业真实经营活动实施真实盈余管理行为,或同时使用这两种方式调整企业盈余情况,对企业财务报告进行粉饰。在信息不对称的情况下,企业真实状况只有企业管理者才知晓,外界投资者仅能通过分析披露的财务报告了解企业。会计师事务所作为独立的第三方,对企业财务报表进行审计,审核对外发布的会计信息的真实性和准确性,为投资者提供合理保证,避免投资者被虚假的会计信息所误导,做出错误的投资决策。但是,会计师事务所规模良莠不齐,存在低价揽客的恶性竞争现象,审计报告质量难以保障。有的会计师事务所接受IPO公司的审计委托,迫于生存的压力,容易被IPO公司支付的高额审计费用所收买,包庇其盈余管理行为。有的会计师事务所为了提供高质量的审计服务,在执行审计业务时耗费更多的审计资源识别IPO公司的盈余管理行为,因此向被审计单位索要高额的审计费用补偿审计成本。本文基于这两种不同的情况考虑,选取创业板355家IPO公司为样本,以应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理为盈余管理的衡量指标,实证检验对于由“前十大”会计师事务所审计的IPO公司和由“非前十大”会计师事务所审计的IPO公司,对审计费用分别产生何种影响。本文融合理论分析与实证检验方法,剖析创业板IPO公司盈余管理对审计费用的影响。首先介绍审计费用和盈余管理相关理论,进而阐述IPO盈余管理与审计费用相关机制,其次根据理论分析提出研究假设,最后对研究样本进行描述性分析、多元回归分析、稳健性分析。结果如下：创业板上市公司在IPO过程中同时实施应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理行为；对于对应计盈余管理行为而言,“前十大”会计师事务所收取的审计费用与盈余管理显著正相关,而“非前十大”会计师事务所收取的审计费用与盈余管理不存在明显相关性；对于真实盈余管理行为而言,“前十大”会计师事务所收取的审计费用与盈余管理呈显著负相关,但是“非前十大”会计师事务所收取的审计费用与盈余管理呈显著正相关。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the gem in October 2009 enriches the capital market system of our country, brings good news to the high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises, and alleviates the financing pressure of the small and medium-sized enterprises to a certain extent.Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises with good growth strive to enter the capital market and realize the transformation from private financing to public offering.However, after the issue of new shares, there is a phenomenon of "great change of face" before and after IPO, which has been proved by some scholars to be due to the existence of earnings management behavior in the process of IPO.In order to meet the listing requirements set by CSRC, enterprise managers can flexibly apply accounting policies and estimate the practice of accrual earnings management, and adjust the real business activities of enterprises to implement real earnings management.Or at the same time use these two ways to adjust the earnings of enterprises, to whitewash corporate financial reports.In the case of asymmetric information, only the managers know the real situation of the enterprise, and the outside investors can only understand the enterprise by analyzing the disclosed financial reports.Accounting firms, as independent third parties, audit the financial statements of enterprises, examine and verify the authenticity and accuracy of accounting information released to the outside world, provide reasonable assurance for investors, and prevent investors from being misled by false accounting information.Make the wrong investment decision.However, the scale of accounting firms is mixed, there is a vicious competition phenomenon of low-price solicitation, and the quality of audit report is difficult to guarantee.Some accounting firms accept the audit commission of IPO company, and under the pressure of survival, they are easy to be bought by the high audit cost paid by IPO company, and shield their earnings management behavior.In order to provide high quality audit service, some accounting firms spend more audit resources to identify the earnings management behavior of IPO company, so they demand high audit cost to compensate audit cost.Based on these two different situations, this paper selects 355 IPO companies in gem as a sample, taking accrual earnings management and real earnings management as the measure of earnings management.The empirical test shows how the audit costs are affected by IPO firms audited by "Top Ten" accounting firms and IPO firms audited by "non-Top Ten" accounting firms.This paper combines theoretical analysis and empirical test to analyze the impact of earnings management on audit costs in gem IPO companies.Firstly, it introduces the theory of audit cost and earnings management, then expounds the mechanism of IPO earnings management and audit expense, then puts forward the research hypotheses according to the theoretical analysis, finally carries on the descriptive analysis to the research sample, the multivariate regression analysis.Robust analysis.The results are as follows: the listed companies of gem implement both accrual earnings management and real earnings management behavior in the process of IPO;The audit fees charged by the "top ten" accounting firms are significantly positively correlated with earnings management, while the audit fees charged by "non-top ten" accounting firms are not significantly correlated with earnings management.The audit fees charged by the top ten accounting firms are negatively correlated with earnings management, but the audit fees charged by non-top ten accounting firms are positively correlated with earnings management.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F275;F239.4

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