建设银行中小企业“信贷工厂”融资模式研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 06:23

本文关键词：建设银行中小企业“信贷工厂”融资模式研究　出处：《南昌大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：众所周知，随着息差不断收窄、同业竞争日益加剧，商业银行未来盈利压力将进一步加大。在经历了金融危机和实体经济的衰退之后，在复杂多变的市场环境下，建设银行如何应对挑战，寻找新的利润增长点，是一个迫在眉睫的课题。而作为我国经济增长生力军的中小企业，潜藏着巨大的生机，中小企业客户群体是一座亟待挖掘的金矿，具有广阔的发展前景，但却一直受到贷款难问题的困扰。建设银行从战略的高度认识中小企业客户群体对建行未来发展的重大意义，把握先机，抢占中小企业信贷高地，以实现可持续发展。早在2005年，建行开始与美国银行、淡马锡（亚洲金融）等进行战略性合作，以期分享其技术与经验。在经营理念、管理手段、业务流程、风险控制、产品支持、激励考核等方面进行了深入研究和创新，形成了一套较为成熟完善的业务模式。与传统的信贷审批模式相比，建设银行采取的“信贷工厂”模式推行“五个集中”，即：集中批量化营销、集中抵质押登记管理、集中放款管理、集中非现场监测管理、集中档案管理。“信贷工厂”的推广极大的丰富了建行的信贷品种和模式，使建行迅速在中小企业融资服务市场打开局面，赢得了市场份额。但2013年以来，全球经济出现了积极的变化，但复苏的基础依然薄弱，经济低增长的态势仍将延续，国内经济深层次矛盾依然突出，经济下行压力和产能过剩的矛盾有所加剧，企业生产成本上升和创新能力不足的问题并存，财政收入增速放缓和政府刚性支出增加的矛盾凸显，消化产能过剩和稳定就业之间存在的两难选择，诸多因素对经济持续发展带来了严峻的考验，受外部宏观经济环境影响，经济增速持续低缓，金融脱媒加剧，企业融资渠道多元化，对银行资金依赖度降低，部分企业通过其他渠道获得低成本融资提前偿还银行贷款，部分中小企业贷款质量下滑，民营企业风险暴露趋势加快，有效需求不足，对公贷款投放和中间业务收入增长压力巨大。现有的融资模式在运行近9年后，不得不把面临着改革和创新的时代竞争中。论文主要从国内外学者关于中小企业融资理论出发，结合国内学者对银行为中小企业融资模式创新研究的基础上，综合考虑中小企业融资遇到的问题以及融资需求，对比国内外银行中小企业融资模式，运用理论结合实际的方法，以建设银行中小企业“信贷工厂”为例，重点研究该模式的创新点与存在的问题，并对该模式提出完善对策，以促进银行融资模式的创新以及破解中小企业融资难题。首先是阐明了论文的选题依据、研究的目的和意义、研究的主要内容与方法，其次综合阐述中小企业融资理论基础，学术界对于中小企业融资的理论研究现状和具有借鉴意义的理论。同时从影响中小企业融资的内、外部因素角度考虑中小企业融资难的成因，并结合当今国内外银行对于中小企业融资模式的经验，寻找适合我国国情的中小企业融资模式。第三，将从建设银行中小企业“信贷工厂”融资模式的运行特点出发，结合建设银行实际情况、建设银行所经营的小企业总体情况以及建行存在的中小企业融资难题的角度分析传统融资方案与“信贷工厂”融资方案之间的优越性和可行性第四，拟以建行某一级分行为例，，从中小企业贷款规模、综合贡献度、产品覆盖度、中间业务收入等角度出发阐述模式运行的效果特点。再次，根据运行效果特点提出建行中小企业融资业务的配套措施对策和建议。本文主要从围绕信用甄别注重准入创新、围绕担保方式注重产品创新以及围绕资产质量注重风控创新等方面提出了该融资模式的完善的对策和建议，强调配套措施对融资模式的进一步优化和改造。最后是对论文做出总体揭露以及未来的研究展望
[Abstract]:As everyone knows, with the interest rate differential has been narrowing, competition intensifies, future commercial bank profit pressures will further increase. In the aftermath of the financial crisis and recession in the real economy, in the complex market environment, the Construction Bank of how to deal with the challenges, looking for new profit growth point, is an imminent task. As the new economic growth in China's small and medium enterprises, the huge potential of life, the small and medium-sized enterprise customer groups is an urgent need to dig gold, has broad prospects for development, but it has been difficult to loan problems.
Construction bank customer groups from small and medium-sized enterprises to realize highly strategic significance, the future development of CCB to grasp opportunities, seize the small and medium-sized enterprise credit heights, in order to achieve sustainable development. In early 2005, CCB began with Bank of America, Temasek (Asian financial) for strategic cooperation, sharing technology and experience to the stage. Business philosophy, management, business processes, risk control, product support, in-depth research and innovation incentive assessment and other aspects, formed a relatively mature business model.
Compared with the traditional credit approval mode, the Construction Bank to take the "credit factory" model of carrying out the "five concentration", namely: centralized mass marketing, centralized mortgage registration management, centralized loan management, off-site monitoring centralized management, centralized file management. The "credit factory" promotion greatly enriched the CCB credit varieties and patterns, the bank quickly open up the situation in the small and medium-sized enterprise financing service market, to win market share.
But since 2013, the global economy has experienced positive changes, but the recovery is still weak, low economic growth will continue, the deep-seated contradictions of the domestic economy is still prominent, the contradiction between downtown pressure on the economy and overcapacity intensified, both rising production costs and the lack of innovation ability, the contradiction between the growth of fiscal revenue slow and rigid government expenditures increase, the dilemma between digestive overcapacity and stable employment choice, many factors posed a serious challenge to the economic sustainable development, under the external macroeconomic environment, economic growth continued to slow, financial disintermediation intensified, diversified financing channels for enterprises, reduce the dependence on bank financing, some enterprises to obtain through other channels of low-cost financing for early repayment of bank loans, some small and medium-sized enterprise loan quality decline, private enterprise risk exposure and trend Fast, effective demand is insufficient, which has great pressure on the growth of public loan and intermediary business income. The existing financing mode has to face the competition of reform and innovation in the past 9 years.
This paper mainly from the domestic and foreign scholars on the financing theory of small and medium-sized enterprises, combined with the domestic scholars on the basis of bank financing mode innovation of small and medium sized enterprises, considering the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises and meet the financing demand, financing mode comparison of domestic and foreign banks of small and medium-sized enterprises, using the method of combining theory with practice, with the construction of small and medium-sized enterprises "credit bank the factory as an example, study the model focuses on the innovation and the existing problems, and puts forward the countermeasures to perfect the mode, in order to promote bank financing mode innovation and solve the financing problems of SMEs.
The first is to clarify the basis of the topic, the purpose and significance of the study, the main contents and methods of the research.
Secondly, it expounds the theoretical foundation of the financing of small and medium enterprises, and the theoretical research on the financing of small and medium enterprises and the theory of reference.
At the same time, from the perspective of internal and external factors that affect the financing of SMEs, the causes of SMEs' financing difficulties are also considered. Combined with the experience of domestic and foreign banks for SME financing mode, we find a financing mode suitable for China's national conditions.
Third, the operating characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises from the Construction Bank "credit factory" mode of financing, combined with the actual situation of the Construction Bank, analysis of the feasibility and superiority of traditional financing scheme and the "credit factory" financing plan for SME financing problems existing in the construction of bank management of the overall situation of small enterprises and bank angle
Fourth, taking a branch of China Construction Bank as an example, the effect characteristics of mode operation are expounded from the perspective of SME loan scale, comprehensive contribution, product coverage and intermediate business income.
Again, according to the operation effect of characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprise financing construction measures countermeasures and suggestions. This paper focuses on the credit screening focus on access around the way of security innovation, focus on product innovation and focus on asset quality risk control focus on innovation, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the financing mode, emphasize the further optimization of supporting measures for financing the pattern and transformation.
The last is the general disclosure of the paper and the prospect of the future research

【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4;F276.3

【参考文献】