农业小微企业的小额贷款风险评价指标体系构建研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 16:39

【摘要】：农业对我国国民经济的影响力巨大。近年来,在国家的大力扶持下,农业生产的质与量都有了飞跃式提升。但由于地理条件、气候差异、历史原因和农业本身的弱质性等因素,造成我国农业生产集约化程度低,小规模农业生产经营主体构成农业经济发展的主要动力。特别是小微企业,已成为市场上最活跃的力量,其对经济发展、提供就业、技术创新等都有着十分重要的作用。但由于规模小、资产量少、财务信息不规范等因素,造成我国农业小微企业融资困难,发展严重受阻。本文通过对有关农业风险与农业风险管理、农业小额贷款和企业风险评价指标体系等相关文献进行梳理,对各个要素的概念、分类、特征及其成因等相关理论进行阐述,再对我国农业小微企业进行小额贷款的外部环境及自身状况进行分析,认为要解决农业小微企业贷款难的问题,首先要消除金融机构与企业间的信息不对称。解决这个问题的途径之一便是构建一个适用于农业小微企业的风险评价指标体系,以便涉农金融机构能够更加客观地对农业小微企业的小额贷款风险做出评价。本文参考一般风险评价指标体系的构建原则,按照层次分析法的一般步骤,构建了一个包含有7方面因素的24个指标在内的风险评价指标体系,并在此基础上进行风险综合评价。综合评价方法形成后,本文运用该指标体系结合A牧业公司小额贷款项目进行风险综合评价,采用数量分析手段对A牧业公司进行信用评级,进而对该贷款项目风险得出评价结论。最后对以上研究内容进行总结,对研究成果的应用及今后还要进一步补充完善的方向做出展望。
[Abstract]:Agriculture has great influence on our national economy. In recent years, with the support of the country, the quality and quantity of agricultural production have been improved by leaps and bounds. However, due to geographical conditions, climate differences, historical reasons and the weakness of agriculture itself, the degree of intensification of agricultural production in China is low, and the main body of small-scale agricultural production and management constitutes the main driving force for the development of agricultural economy. In particular, small and micro enterprises have become the most active force in the market, which plays a very important role in economic development, providing employment, technological innovation and so on. However, because of the small scale, the small amount of assets, the non-standard financial information and other factors, it is difficult to finance the agricultural small and micro enterprises in our country, and the development of the small and micro enterprises is seriously hindered. Through combing the related literature on agricultural risk and agricultural risk management, agricultural micro-credit and enterprise risk evaluation index system, this paper expounds the concept, classification, characteristics and causes of each element. After analyzing the external environment and its own condition of the small and micro agricultural enterprises in our country, it is concluded that in order to solve the problem of the loan difficulty of the agricultural small and micro enterprises, the information asymmetry between the financial institutions and the enterprises should be eliminated first of all. One of the ways to solve this problem is to construct a risk evaluation index system suitable for agricultural small and micro enterprises, so that agricultural financial institutions can evaluate the risk of small and micro agricultural loans more objectively. According to the general steps of Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), this paper constructs a risk evaluation index system which includes 24 indexes with seven factors, according to the principles of the general risk evaluation index system. On this basis, comprehensive risk evaluation is carried out. After the comprehensive evaluation method is formed, this paper uses the index system to carry on the risk comprehensive evaluation with the A animal husbandry company small loan project, uses the quantity analysis method to carry on the credit rating to the A animal husbandry company. Furthermore, the risk of the loan project is evaluated. Finally, the above research content is summarized, and the application of the research results and the direction of further supplement and perfection are prospected.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.43

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