创始人初始社会地位与社会资本对创业绩效的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 00:20

本文关键词：创始人初始社会地位与社会资本对创业绩效的影响研究　出处：《管理科学》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着经济发展的多元化以及就业压力的增加,创业在中国变得越来越重要。基于创业研究的社会网络观和社会分层理论,对中国情景中创业企业新生期劣势进行新的诠释,并实证检验不同社会资本对于长期创业绩效的影响。创始人社会资本影响创业绩效,然而作为重要的情景因素,初始社会地位如何影响社会资本对创业绩效的影响却知之甚少。创业者社会资本是克服新生期劣势的重要资源,但仅关注创业者自我中心式网络带来的社会资源,社会分层理论认为社会地位差异会影响社会资本的作用。将创业者自我中心式网络按照关系强度和关系功能区分出4类社会资本,并将初创期社会地位差异用创业者及其父母职业声望加以度量。基于1978年至1999年权威的实务性商业期刊所刊文章等文档资料进行手工编码,获得182名企业家数据,通过Logistic和Cox回归模型分析进行实证检验。研究结果表明,创业初期的创业者自我职业声望作为创业承诺和信号,导致积极的社会资本效应,但父母职业声望会改变自我中心网络的内容和运作机制,引起消极的社会资本效应。可见与依靠父母的社会地位相比,在创业初期创业者自强自立获得更好的地位资源更容易促进社会资本的积极作用,有助于促进创业企业的成长,这一发现为创业者及合作伙伴的选择提供指导和借鉴。研究通过引入社会资本的关系强度(强关系和弱关系)和关系功能(桥接和黏合)两个维度拓展创业研究的社会网络观,对创业中的社会资本情景进行检验,发现初始社会地位调节社会资本的绩效影响,将社会学中常用的职业声望引入到创业研究中,可以获得更为有趣的结论并启发未来管理学的类似研究。
[Abstract]:With the diversification of economic development and the increase of employment pressure, entrepreneurship has become more and more important in China. This paper gives a new interpretation of the disadvantage of entrepreneurial enterprises in the Chinese context, and empirically tests the impact of different social capital on long-term entrepreneurial performance, while the founder social capital affects entrepreneurial performance. However, as an important situational factor, the impact of initial social status on entrepreneurial performance is poorly understood. Social capital of entrepreneurs is an important resource to overcome the disadvantages in the nascent period. But only focus on the social resources brought by the self-centered network of entrepreneurs. Social stratification theory believes that social status differences will affect the role of social capital. The self-centered network of entrepreneurs is divided into four types of social capital according to the relationship strength and the relationship function. The social status difference in the initial stage is measured by the professional prestige of the entrepreneur and his parents. It is manually coded based on the articles published in the authoritative practical business journals from 1978 to 1999. The data of 182 entrepreneurs were obtained and tested by Logistic and Cox regression models. The results showed that the self-professional reputation of entrepreneurs in the early stage of business as a commitment and signal. It leads to positive social capital effect, but parents' occupational prestige will change the content and operation mechanism of self-centered network, and cause negative social capital effect. It is easier for entrepreneurs to gain better status and resources in the early stage of starting a business and to promote the positive role of social capital and help to promote the growth of entrepreneurial enterprises. The findings provide guidance and reference for entrepreneurs and partners in their selection. The study studies the relationship strength (strong and weak) and relational function (bridging and bonding) through the introduction of social capital. The two dimensions expand the social network view of entrepreneurship research. By testing the social capital situation in entrepreneurship, we find that the initial social status regulates the performance of social capital, and introduces the professional prestige commonly used in sociology into the entrepreneurial research. More interesting conclusions can be obtained and similar studies of future management can be inspired.
【作者单位】：华东理工大学商学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(222201323008) 上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题(2016BGL014)~~
【分类号】：F279.2
【正文快照】： 创业者社会资本是克服新生期劣势的重要资源,但仅关注创业者自我中心式网络带来的社会资源,社会分层理论认为社会地位差异会影响社会资本的作用。将创业者自我中心式网络按照关系强度和关系功能区分出4类社会资本,并将初创期社会地位差异用创业者及其父母职业声望加以度量。基

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