企业研发投入结构特征与经济增长模式——基于中国与主要国家企业研发数据的比较

发布时间：2018-03-13 02:20

本文选题：研发投入规模　切入点：研发投入强度　出处：《科学学研究》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用101个国家和地区18076个非金融企业2005~2014年的面板数据,主要将中国与美国、英国、日本、德国、印度6个国家企业的研发投入规模与强度的结构特征进行分析得到:第一,发达国家的跨国公司主导全球研发,中国顶级企业研发投资规模与之相比差距较大,经济增长缺乏引领全世界技术创新的核心企业的支撑,且依靠能源、原材料消耗和固定资产投资推动;第二,与发达国家企业研发投入的行业分布特征比较发现:中国能源行业企业的研发投入规模与发达国家企业相比差距较小,反映了国家对绿色经济增长模式的重视;中国信息科技行业企业的研发强度在本国所有行业的企业中较高,但企业研发投入规模过小,可能在一定程度上影响中国产业链的延伸;中国企业在医疗保健、消费者非必需消费品行业的研发投入规模和强度与发达国家差异较大,主要受人均收入水平决定的经济复杂度制约,这将影响中国产品品质与质量的升级;第三,与发达国家企业研发投入的年龄分布特征和规模分布特征比较发现,中国高龄企业、小型企业研发投资规模过低,新创企业、大型企业研发投资强度高。
[Abstract]:Based on the panel data of 18076 non-financial enterprises in 101 countries and regions from 2005 to 2014, this paper analyzes the structural characteristics of R & D investment scale and intensity between China and the United States, Britain, Japan, Germany and India. While multinational corporations in developed countries dominate global R & D, the scale of R & D investment by China's top enterprises is quite different. Economic growth lacks the support of the core enterprises leading the world's technological innovation and relies on energy. Second, compared with the industrial distribution characteristics of R & D investment of developed country enterprises, it is found that the scale of R & D investment of Chinese energy industry enterprises is smaller than that of developed countries. This reflects the importance attached by the state to the green economic growth model. The R & D intensity of Chinese information technology enterprises is higher than that of enterprises in all sectors of the country, but the scale of R & D investment of enterprises is too small. To some extent, it may affect the extension of China's industrial chain. The scale and intensity of R & D investment by Chinese enterprises in medical care and consumer non-essential consumer goods industries are quite different from those in developed countries. It is mainly restricted by the economic complexity determined by the level of per capita income, which will affect the upgrading of the quality and quality of Chinese products. Thirdly, comparing with the characteristics of age distribution and scale distribution of R & D investment by enterprises in developed countries, it is found that China's advanced enterprises, Small enterprises R & D investment scale is too low, new enterprises, large enterprises R & D investment intensity.
【作者单位】：大连理工大学管理与经济学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71473025) 大连银行博士后流动站项目
【分类号】：F124;F275.5

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