基于网络的客户协同产品创新知识分享机理研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 09:37

本文选题：客户协同　切入点：产品创新　出处：《北京邮电大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：客户协同与企业产品创新密切相关。目前我国企业存在“产品滞销”与“市场需求旺盛”的矛盾局面,其根源是企业生产缺少客户的参与,造成了企业生产的产品不能很好地迎合和满足终端客户的个性化需求。针对这一社会现象和企业问题,宏观层面,中国政府提出了“供给侧改革”,其核心是优化供给结构对需求变化的适应性和灵活性。而微观层面,企业如何应对和解决这一难题成为产品创新领域研究的热点问题。企业传统的客户协同产品创新往往局限于高校、研究机构等组织和部分“领先型客户”,而互联网技术尤其是web2. 0技术的发展,使得客户协同产品创新可以在更广地域,更大范围内进行。客户协同产品创新的本质是充分获取和利用客户的知识,其前提是客户主动分享自有知识。但是网络环境下的协同产品创新由于创新人员的分散性、多样性、异质性和协同性等复杂特性使得这一情境下的知识分享活动具有动态性和不确定性。因此,采用相关的理论和方法,分析并掌握网络客户知识分享的特殊性和规律性,对于企业开展客户协同产品创新管理工作具有较好的理论指导意义。本文以网络环境下协同产品创新的客户为研究对象,基于生态系统原理和理性行为、社会网络等理论,借鉴学术界相关领域研究成果,研究协同创新客户的知识分享特征和内在运作机理。具体地说,本文的研究工作主要包括以下几个方面:(1)分析了网络环境下客户协同产品创新的开展过程和协同特征。基于生态系统原理和创新生态系统理论,从系统角度分析网络环境下客户协同产品创新的特征、要素构成和要素相互作用。研究结果表明:协同创新主体、协同对象(客体)和协同媒介三要素的分布、互动、竞争和演化具有明显的生态系统特征。(2)分析了网络环境下客户协同产品创新知识分享的机理。使用探索性案例研究和社会网络分析法,对两家企业的三个网络协同创新平台近两年的知识分享行为进行挖掘和系统分析,抽取出影响知识分享的共性要素,并分析要素和知识分享之间的关系。研究发现:三个平台在主体间网络关系、主体一媒介关系、以及时间要素上呈现出共有特征,且在知识分享过程中起到了驱动作用。(3)整合理性行为理论和社会网络理论,进一步剖析了网络环境下客户协同产品创新知识分享的机理,构建了“系统要素间关系—知识分享态度—知识分享意愿”的理论模型和研究假设。并设置了两阶段调查问卷,对其进行实证检验,分析模型要素在时间轴上的变化特征和变化趋势。研究发现:①主体间网络关系、主体—媒介关系对协同客户的知识分享态度(知识分享情感和个体认知)和知识分享意愿有显著的正向影响,知识分享情感与个体认知在“主体间网络关系、主体—媒介关系—知识分享意愿”中都充当了半中介的作用。②主体间网络关系对协同客户知识分享情感、个体认知和知识分享意愿的影响程度随个体协同经验的增长而增加;而主体—媒介关系对协同客户知识分享情感、个体认知和知识分享意愿的影响程度随个体协同经验的增长而降低。(4)运用治理理论和联盟治理理论,提出了网络环境下客户协同产品创新知识分享的治理机制和治理对策。研究指出:对网络环境下客户协同产品创新知识分享的治理应该从协同关系和知识分享过程两个方面展开,协同关系方面,既要重视对协同人群形成网络关系进行引导和鼓励,也要重视协同产品信息的网络化传播;知识分享过程方面,需要按知识分享的外在行为方式和内在影响机理分类治理。总之,本文的研究不仅丰富了网络创新生态系统、在线社会网络、网络客户理性行为等理论研究,还为企业制定科学、合理、有效的网络协同产品创新决策和网络知识分享治理对策提供理论指导。
[Abstract]:Closely related to the enterprise customer collaborative product innovation. At present our country enterprise "unmarketable products" and "market demand" situation, is the source of enterprise production and lack of customer participation, caused the enterprise products can not meet well and meet the personalized needs of terminal customers. In response to this social phenomenon and enterprise the problem, the macro level, China government put forward the "supply side reforms", its core is the adaptability and flexibility of demand supply structure optimization. And the micro level, the enterprise how to deal with and solve this problem has become a hot issue in product innovation research field. The traditional enterprise customer collaborative product innovation is often limited to universities, research institutions other organizations and part of the "leading customers", and Internet technology, especially the development of web2. 0 technology, making the customer collaborative product innovation in a wide area And for a wider range. Customer collaborative product innovation is the essence of full access to and use of customer knowledge, customer knowledge sharing is the premise of its own initiative. But under the environment of network collaborative product innovation due to dispersion, innovative personnel diversity, heterogeneity and coordination of complex characteristics makes the situation of knowledge sharing activities with dynamic and uncertainty. Therefore, using the relevant theories and methods, analyze and grasp the particularity and regularity of network customer knowledge sharing, for enterprises to carry out customer has better theoretical guiding significance in collaborative product innovation management. Customer collaborative product innovation based on the network environment as the research object, ecological system principle and rational behavior based on social network theory, referring to the research achievements in academic field, the research of collaborative innovation of customer knowledge sharing features and internal transport As a mechanism. Specifically, the main research work of this paper includes the following aspects: (1) analysis of the network environment in customer collaborative product innovation and carry out collaborative feature process. The principle of ecological system and ecological system innovation based on the theory, analyze the network environment of customer collaborative product innovation characteristics from the perspective of the system, the interaction of elements and elements. The results show that collaborative innovation, collaborative object (object) distribution, the three elements of the interactive and collaborative media, has obvious characteristics of the ecological system and the evolution of competition. (2) analysis of the network environment of customer collaborative product innovation knowledge sharing mechanism. Using exploratory case study and social network analysis in three, two enterprises network collaborative innovation platform in recent years the knowledge sharing behavior analysis and mining system, draw out the common factors affecting the knowledge sharing, and analysis And knowledge sharing. The relationship between the study found: three platform network in the relationship between the subject and the subject of a media relations, as well as the time factor showing the common features, and in the knowledge sharing process plays a driving role. (3) the integration of rational behavior theory and social network theory, and further analyzes the synergy the mechanism of product innovation knowledge sharing under the environment of network customers, constructed the theoretical model and research hypothesis of the relationship between the elements of the system, knowledge sharing attitude and knowledge sharing intention ". And a set of two stage questionnaire, carries on the empirical test and analysis of model elements in the time axis changing characteristics and trend of research. Found: between the main network, the main media of the collaborative relationship between the attitude of customers to share knowledge (knowledge sharing emotion and individual cognition) and knowledge sharing has a significant positive impact the willingness of knowledge sharing. The relationship between sense and individual cognitive network in the "inter subjectivity, the subject of media relations - Knowledge Sharing Willingness" acts as the intermediary role. The main half of collaborative network between customer knowledge sharing emotions, individual cognition and knowledge sharing intention with the influence of individual cooperative experience increased; and the main media the relationship of collaborative customer knowledge sharing emotions, increase individual cognition and knowledge sharing intention with the influence of individual cooperative experience decreased. (4) the use of alliance governance theory and governance theory, put forward the network environment of customer collaborative product innovation knowledge sharing governance mechanism and governance countermeasure research. Pointed out that under the network environment to the customer collaborative governance innovation knowledge sharing and collaborative relations should be discussed from two aspects of the process of knowledge sharing, cooperative relations, we should not only attach importance to people to form a network of close collaboration Department of guidance and encouragement, but also attach importance to the network collaborative product information; knowledge sharing process, need external governance behavior according to the classification of knowledge sharing and internal influence mechanism. In conclusion, this study not only enriches the network innovation ecosystem, online social network, research network client rational behavior theory, but also for the enterprises to make scientific, reasonable, effective network collaborative product innovation decision and network knowledge sharing countermeasures to provide theoretical guidance.

【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274;F273.1

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