内蒙古地区大学生创业支持体系的现状调查及改进策略研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 23:01

本文选题：内蒙古大学生　切入点：创业支持体系　出处：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：创业对促进经济增长、扩大就业容量和推动技术创新有着非常重要的作用。大学生自主创业成为了高等教育规模不断扩大后解决就业问题的一个重要途径。所以,政府、社会组织和高校从多方面采取措施来支持大学生创业,逐渐建立起了由政府、社会、高校三个创业支持主体组成的大学生创业支持体系。有研究发现,目前内蒙古地区高校大学生创业支持体系还存在诸多问题。为此,本研究以内蒙古大学、内蒙古师范大学、内蒙古农业大学三所高校的本科生和负责创业工作的教师为调查对象,采取问卷法、访谈法来调查内蒙古大学生创业支持体系的现状与问题。研究的内容主要有:一是研究大学生创业支持体系的政策规定。二是研究内蒙古地区大学生创业的政府、高校、社会支持情况。通过整理研究调研数据,对内蒙古地区大学生创业支持体系从政府支持、社会支持、高校支持三方面进行描述分析,反映内蒙古高校大学生创业支持体系现状。三是研究内蒙古地区大学生创业支持体系改革完善路径措施。研究结果表明,内蒙古政府对大学生创业的支持存在以下问题:首先在政策许可方面,存在创业政策宣传不足,缺乏政策解读的平台等问题。二是在资金扶持方面,存在创业基金和银行贷款难申请等问题。三是在创业教育支持方面,存在创业培训工作安排不到位,创业培训班的师资力量不足等问题。四是在服务方面,缺少专门的创业管理服务机构和系统的培训管理机构等问题。社会对大学生创业的支持存在社会认可度不够、创业服务机构不健全等问题。高校对大学生创业的支持也在以下几方面存在问题:一是高校出台的政策涉及面窄、宣传不足。二是高校的创业教育课程内容单一,体系不完善。三是高校提供的创业资金不足,对创业资金的宣传也不到位。四是高校在创业服务方面缺乏应有激情,对创业信息的解读不到位,也没有设立创业教育实践平台。本研究提出完善大学生创业支持体系的建议是:内蒙古自治区政府在政策许可方面加大创业政策宣传力度,完善法规制度体系等措施。在创业资金方面,可以采取扩大创业基金申请范围,降低银行贷款申请门槛等措施。在创业教育方面,采取加强对创业培训班的宣传,调整开班制度等措施。在服务方面,采取建立专门的创业管理服务机构与系统的培训管理机构等措施。社会可以通过增加企业见习实习机会、加大创业资金支持力度等来支持大学生创业。高校也可以从政策、资金、教育、服务四方面来提高对大学生创业的支持。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship plays a very important role in promoting economic growth, expanding employment capacity and promoting technological innovation. Self-employment of college students has become an important way to solve the employment problem after the expansion of higher education. Social organizations and universities have taken various measures to support college students' entrepreneurship, and gradually set up a support system for college students' entrepreneurship, which is composed of government, society and universities. At present, there are still many problems in the entrepreneurship support system of college students in Inner Mongolia. For this reason, the present study focuses on Inner Mongolia University, Inner Mongolia normal University, and Inner Mongolia normal University. The undergraduates of three universities of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University and the teachers in charge of pioneering work were investigated by questionnaire method. The main contents of the research are as follows: first, the policy provisions of the entrepreneurship support system for college students. The second is to study the government, colleges and universities in Inner Mongolia. Social support. By collating the research data, this paper describes and analyzes the entrepreneurial support system of college students in Inner Mongolia from three aspects: government support, social support, and university support. It reflects the current situation of entrepreneurship support system for college students in Inner Mongolia. Third, it studies the path measures of reform and improvement of entrepreneurship support system for college students in Inner Mongolia. The research results show that, The following problems exist in the support of Inner Mongolia government to college students' entrepreneurship: first, in terms of policy permission, there are problems such as insufficient publicity of entrepreneurship policy, lack of platform for policy interpretation, etc. Second, in terms of financial support, There are problems such as the difficulty of applying for venture funds and bank loans. Third, in terms of support for entrepreneurship education, there are problems such as inadequate arrangements for entrepreneurship training, insufficient teachers for entrepreneurship training courses, and so on. Fourth, in terms of service, Lack of specialized entrepreneurial management service institutions and systematic training management agencies, etc. The social support for university students' entrepreneurship is not enough social recognition, Some problems exist in the following aspects: first, the policies issued by colleges and universities are narrow and the propaganda is insufficient; second, the contents of entrepreneurship education courses in colleges and universities are single. The system is not perfect. The third is the lack of venture capital provided by colleges and universities, and the propaganda of venture capital is not in place. Fourth, colleges and universities lack due passion in entrepreneurial services, and the interpretation of entrepreneurial information is not in place. There is also no practical platform for entrepreneurship education. This study puts forward some suggestions to improve the entrepreneurship support system for college students: the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region government has increased the publicity of entrepreneurship policy in terms of policy permission. Measures such as perfecting the system of laws and regulations. In terms of venture capital, we can take measures such as expanding the scope of application for venture capital and lowering the threshold for bank loan applications. In terms of entrepreneurship education, we should strengthen the publicity of entrepreneurship training courses. Adjust the shift system and other measures. In terms of service, take measures such as establishing specialized entrepreneurial management service organizations and systematic training management institutions. Colleges and universities can also improve their support for college students' entrepreneurship from four aspects: policy, capital, education and service.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F279.2;G647.38

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