网络导向对新创企业绩效作用机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 18:37

本文选题：网络导向 + 新创企业绩效　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：在“大众创业,万众创新”的热潮下,中国新创企业数量猛增,如何保持盈利性与成长性成为当前企业界与学术界的热点问题。对整个产业生态系统来说,新创企业的创新和合作等行为有着不可替代的作用。通过建立和维系社会网络,新创企业可对信息和资源进行有效整合,进而提升企业绩效,扩大竞争优势。由心理学与社会学引入的网络导向概念是指利用网络解决创业实践问题的倾向或态度,已逐渐成为企业战略研究的重点。基于网络资源观和社会网络理论,其对企业绩效和竞争优势的提升作用已得到诸多实证研究的支持,但对其中介环节以及外部环境的研究仍显不足。同时,随着信息技术的高速发展,市场竞争日益激烈,顾客需求不断变化,企业愈发意识到与顾客共同创造价值的重要性。市场合作多于竞争促使服务主导逻辑取代了商品主导逻辑,然而价值共创作为服务主导逻辑的重要概念,与创业领域结合的研究较少,新创企业由于其自身劣势,更应重视通过与所在网络中成员进行资源整合与服务交换,以实现价值共创,进而提升新创企业的盈利性与成长性。鉴于此,本文将价值共创作为中介变量引入网络导向与新创企业绩效的关系研究中,探究价值共创行为在企业战略与企业绩效中间如何发挥作用,具体充当何种角色。此外,制度结构和产业政策对中国企业特别是新创企业影响深远。制度对价值共创活动起到约束和协调作用,而正式制度环境与非正式制度环境如何影响网络导向与价值共创的关系,不仅是管理领域值得深入探究的学术问题,也是中国企业需结合国情与消费者行为特点所关注的重点,为本文提供了研究契机。因此,本文在相关理论文献综述的基础上,构建了网络导向对新创企业绩效作用机制研究模型与假设,通过定性与定量研究的结合,以高科技新创企业为研究对象,应用SPSS和AMOS数理统计工具进行实证分析与假设检验,结论如下:首先,网络导向、价值共创均对新创企业绩效有着显著正向的直接影响。基于国外文献与深度访谈的三步编码结果得出了适应我国具体情境的新创企业网络导向研究维度与测量题项;之后,通过对正式调研问卷的数据分析发现,网络导向三维度网络合作性、网络关注度和网络开放性均对新创企业绩效有显著影响,且新创企业价值共创活动的两维度互动和信息共享均正向带动企业绩效的提升。其次,价值共创在网络导向与新创企业绩效关系中起到部分中介作用。实证结果表明,价值共创两维度互动和信息共享在网络导向三维度分别与新创企业绩效的关系中均起到部分中介作用。至此,本文从新创企业“战略——行为——绩效”角度提出的理论研究框架即“网络导向——价值共创——新创企业绩效”通过了实证检验证明其科学有效,可为新创企业在实践活动中提供指导,即将网络导向作为新创企业的战略导向选择,将价值共创作为新创企业内外部的行为实践,促进新创企业盈利性与成长性的提高。最后,正式制度环境和非正式制度环境在网络导向与价值共创关系中起到调节作用。正式制度环境在网络导向的网络合作性维度、网络关注度维度与价值共创的关系中起到了正向调节作用,但对网络开放性维度与价值共创关系的调节作用不显著。非正式制度环境仅在网络导向的网络关注度维度与价值共创的关系中起到了正向调节作用,对网络合作性与价值共创、网络开放性与价值共创的关系调节作用不显著。本文创新点主要表现在以下三个方面:第一,从新创企业“战略——行为——绩效”的角度提出了理论分析框架即“网络导向——价值共创——新创企业绩效”,构建了网络导向对新创企业绩效作用机制的研究模型。在对网络导向、社会网络、服务主导逻辑、价值共创、制度等关键概念进行理论文献综述的基础上,进一步分析总结国内外相关研究不足,结合我国转型经济背景下的新创企业特点,深入研究了网络导向对新创企业绩效的具体作用机制,即:以网络导向作为新创企业的战略导向选择,以价值共创作为新创企业内外部的行为实践,以新创企业绩效作为最终的结果评估,并引入了来源于社会学、经济学与政治学中的制度环境概念作为调节,构建了本文网络导向对新创企业绩效作用机制的研究模型,丰富了网络导向在创业领域中的研究,厘清了网络导向、价值共创、新创企业绩效之间的作用路径,以及正式制度环境与非正式制度环境在其中的协调与约束。为我国新创企业在实践中的外部市场营销与内部经营管理提供了理论支撑。第二,通过实证调研数据分析结果,明确了网络导向直接正向影响新创企业绩效,以及价值共创在其中起到部分中介作用。由于网络导向在创业研究中进展缓慢,相关实证研究较为缺乏,因此,在相关理论文献综述基础上,本文基于国外文献与深度访谈的三步编码结果得出了适应我国具体情境的新创企业网络导向研究维度与测量题项,并通过实证进行了检验,以便更有效地探索新创企业网络导向的研究轮廓,丰富了新创企业现有研究成果。通过实证分析可知,网络导向三维度网络合作性、网络关注度、网络开放性均对新创企业绩效有显著影响,且新创企业价值共创活动的两个维度互动和信息共享也对新创企业有显著影响,进而对价值共创的中介作用进行检验,结果表明价值共创互动维度在网络导向三维度网络合作性、网络关注度、网络开放性分别与新创企业绩效关系中均起到部分中介作用,价值共创信息共享维度也在网络导向三维度网络合作性、网络关注度、网络开放性分别与新创企业绩效关系中均起到部分中介作用。第三,揭示了新创企业所处正式制度环境与非正式制度环境的重要意义,实证结果表明,正式制度环境与非正式制度环境在网络导向影响价值共创的关系中起到调节作用。正式制度环境正向调节网络合作性与价值共创、网络关注度与价值共创的关系,但对网络开放性与价值共创关系调节作用不显著;非正式制度环境仅正向调节网络关注度与价值共创的关系,对网络合作性与价值共创、网络开放性与价值共创关系调节作用不显著。本研究将制度从经济、政治等领域引入到管理学中,是与创业领域研究的深度融合,补充了服务主导逻辑以及市场营销学中制度环境相关的内容,提供了新的研究切入点。制度结构和产业政策对我国企业影响相较其他国家来说更为深远,特别是对于新创企业来说,更应结合国情对企业所处正式制度环境与非正式制度环境密切关注,因此结论具有现实意义。
[Abstract]:In the public business, the innovation of the boom, the number of China startups soared, how to maintain profitability and growth has become a hot issue in the current enterprise and academia. The whole industry ecosystem, plays an irreplaceable role in new ventures, innovation and cooperation behavior. By establishing and maintaining social network that new ventures can make effective integration of information and resources, and enhance corporate performance, expand the competitive advantage. The network oriented concept from psychology and sociology introduction refers to the use of network to solve the problem of the entrepreneurial practice orientation or attitude, has gradually become the focus of enterprise strategic research. Cyber source view and based on social network theory and its promotion the role of corporate performance and competitive advantage have been many empirical research support, but the research on dielectric link as well as the external environment is still insufficient. At the same time, with the The rapid development of information technology, the increasingly fierce market competition, customer demand changing, enterprises increasingly aware of the importance of creating value with customers. The market competition more than cooperation service dominant logic replaced Goods dominant logic, however, create value as an important concept of service dominant logic, combined with the research field of entrepreneurship is less, because of new ventures it should pay more attention to their own weaknesses, and where the network members through the integration of resources and services to achieve exchange, create value, and thus enhance the profitability and growth of new ventures. In view of this, this paper will study the relationship between value creation as intermediary variable to the network orientation and new venture performance, explore how to play the role of value creating behavior in the middle of the enterprise strategy and enterprise performance, the specific role. In addition, the system structure and the industrial policy of China Enterprises In particular new enterprise system to create value is far-reaching. Activities play a coordinating role and constraint, and how the formal system and informal system environment environmental impact relationship between network orientation and value creation, management is not only an academic issue worth exploring, but also China enterprises need to focus on the combination of conditions and consumer behavior characteristics of attention. This paper provides an opportunity for the research. Therefore, based on the relevant theoretical literature review on the construction of network oriented research on performance mechanism model and hypothesis of new ventures, through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research, to high-tech start-ups as the research object, using SPSS and AMOS statistical tools for empirical analysis and hypothesis testing. The conclusions are as follows: first, network oriented, create value are has a direct positive effect on the performance of new venture abroad and based on the literature. The three step of encoding depth interview results adapt to China's specific situation of the new enterprise network oriented research dimensions and measurement items; then, based on the formal questionnaire data analysis, network oriented three-dimensional network cooperation, both network attention and network openness has a significant impact on the performance of new venture, two dimensions interaction and information and new ventures to create value sharing activities are positive to improve enterprise's performance. Secondly, the value creation plays a mediating role between network orientation and new venture performance. The empirical results show that the value of a two dimensional interaction and information sharing in network oriented 3D respectively and new venture performance relationships are play the part of the intermediary role. Thus, the theoretical research frame is presented in this paper from the new venture strategy "- behavior - Performance" angle "network oriented- - create value -- new venture performance through empirical test to prove the scientific and effective, can provide new ventures in practice guidance, the network oriented as a strategic orientation of new ventures, will create new value as the practice inside and outside the enterprise, improve profitability and growth of new ventures. Finally, officially the institutional environment and institutional environment in the informal network orientation and value creation plays a regulatory role in the relationship between the formal system in the network environment. The dimension of cooperation network oriented network, focuses on the relationship of dimension and value creating plays a positive regulatory role, but on the opening of the network dimension and value to create a moderating effect on the relationship is not significant at the informal system environment is focused on network oriented network relationship dimension and the value creation plays a positive regulatory role, on the network cooperation And create value, relationship between network openness and a regulatory role is not significant. The innovation of this paper mainly in the following three aspects: first, from the strategy of new ventures "- behavior - Performance" puts forward a theoretical analysis framework of "network oriented - value - to create a new venture performance", constructs the research the model of performance mechanism of new enterprise network oriented. In network oriented, social network, service dominant logic, create value, the basic theory of literature review of key concepts such as system, further analysis of related research at home and abroad, combined with the characteristics of new enterprises under the background of economic transformation in China, in-depth study of the mechanism the specific role, network orientation on new venture performance: Based on network oriented as a strategic orientation of new ventures, to create value as a new enterprise Practice department, the new venture performance as the end result of the assessment, and introduces the concept of system from sociology, environment economics and politics as the regulation, builds a research model on the performance mechanism of new ventures in the network oriented, enrich the research on the network oriented in the business field, clarify the network oriented, create value, effect path between the performance of new ventures, as well as the formal system and informal system environment in coordination and restriction. Which provides theoretical support for China's new ventures in the practice of the external marketing and internal management. Second, through empirical research and data analysis, the network orientation directly positive influence on new venture performance, and a part of the intermediary role in the network oriented. Because of slow progress in entrepreneurship research, related empirical research The lack of, therefore, in the review of the relevant theoretical basis, this paper based on the depth interview of foreign literature and three step encoding results to adapt to China's specific situation of new enterprise network oriented research dimensions and measurement items, and an empirical test, in order to more effectively explore new enterprise oriented network profile that enriches the existing research results of new ventures. Through empirical analysis, network oriented 3D network cooperation, network attention, network openness has a significant impact on the performance of new ventures, the two dimensions of interaction and information sharing and enterprises value creation activities also have a significant impact on new ventures, and the intermediary role to create the value of test results show that the value of creating a three-dimensional interactive dimension in network oriented network cooperation, network attention, and the new opening of the network There are some intermediary role to play in corporate performance, the value of information sharing in a dimension is network oriented three-dimensional network cooperation, network attention, the relationship between network openness and new ventureperformance respectively were partially mediated by the third important enterprises which reveals the formal system and informal the institutional environment, the empirical results show that the formal system and informal system of environmental regulation in the network oriented relationship value plays a positive regulatory network environment. The formal system of cooperation and create value, network attention degree and create value, but the network openness and a relationship regulation effect is not significant the relationship between the informal system environment; only the positive regulation of network attention and create value, the network cooperation and create value, network openness and create value relationship Regulation is not significant. This study will system from the economic, political and other fields is introduced to management, is the integration of research and entrepreneurship in the field of depth, the content of service logic as well as the marketing system in the environment, provides a new research point. Influence of system structure and industrial policy of our country the enterprise compared to other countries is more far-reaching, especially for new ventures, it should be combined with national conditions and pay close attention to formal system and informal system environment of the enterprise, so the conclusion has practical significance.

【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F279.2;F275

【参考文献】