基于质量安全的乳品供应链利益分配问题分析

发布时间：2018-04-24 20:00

本文选题：乳品供应链 + 质量安全　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：乳品是我国重要的居民消费品和常见的蛋白质来源食品,乳品的质量安全与居民生活息息相关,对我国乳品产业发展具有重要的意义。然而,"三聚氰胺"事件爆发后,乳品质量安全事件时有发生,严重打击了消费者对我国乳品的信心,损害了乳品产业各主体的利益,抑制了我国乳品产业的健康发展,保障和提高乳品质量安全迫在眉睫。本文从供应链的角度,对我国乳品供应链的组织结构和发展现状进行了归纳解读,指出我国供应链目前存在的问题主要有信息不对称、利益分配不合理、质量安全难以保障等。接下来,以不合理的利益分配为论文的切入点,研究基于质量安全的乳品供应链利益分配问题,旨在通过合理的利益分配达到保障和提高乳品质量安全的目的。首先,本文界定了乳品质量安全的概念,包含安全属性和品质属性两方面内容。并从供应链角度,研究了供应链各环节对乳品质量安全的投入和利益来源,分析得到原料乳生产环节和乳品加工环节是乳品质量安全的重要保障,由于乳品加工企业的强势地位,原料乳环节投入多而收益少,产生了利益不均衡关系,影响了乳品的质量安全水平。基于上述分析,本文从乳品安全和品质两个属性出发,以奶农和乳品加工企业组成的二级供应链为研究对象,采用契约协调的方法,分别对基于合格率和基于品质度两种环境的二级供应链进行利益分配。在基于合格率的利益分配中,分别对集中决策和分散决策下供应链利益和质量安全水平进行分析,提出运用内外部损失分担契约使分散决策达到供应链协调,通过数值分析,得出内外部损失分担契约下供应链质量安全水平达到集中决策水平,二者收益均大于分散决策,利用契约系数{λ1,λ2}实现了供应链的利益分配。在基于品质度的利益分配中,引入品质度的概念,建立了考虑消费需求的利益分配模型,对比集中决策与分散决策收益和品质,设计契约促进奶农与乳品加工企业合作。在验证了传统的收益共享契约难以达到供应链协调后,设计了"收益共享+成本分担"契约,乳品加工企业为激励奶农提供高品质乳品,与奶农共享销售价格,并分担奶农的质量努力成本,之后通过算例验证了该契约的可行性,并求出了契约系数的取值范围,对奶农与加工企业的利益进行了再分配。本文采用供应链契约的方法,从合格率和品质度两方面对由奶农和加工企业组成的二级供应链进行了利益分配,具有一定的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Dairy products are important consumer goods and common protein source food in China. The quality and safety of dairy products are closely related to residents' daily life, which is of great significance to the development of dairy industry in China. However, since the "melamine" incident broke out, dairy quality and safety incidents have occurred from time to time, seriously hitting consumers' confidence in Chinese dairy products, harming the interests of all the main bodies of the dairy industry, and inhibiting the healthy development of the dairy industry in our country. It is urgent to ensure and improve the quality and safety of dairy products. From the point of view of supply chain, this paper sums up and interprets the organizational structure and present situation of dairy supply chain in our country, and points out that the main problems existing in supply chain in our country are information asymmetry, unreasonable distribution of benefits, difficult to guarantee quality and safety, and so on. Then, this paper studies the benefit distribution of dairy supply chain based on quality and safety in order to ensure and improve the quality and safety of dairy products through reasonable benefit distribution. First, this paper defines the concept of dairy quality and safety, including safety attributes and quality attributes. From the point of view of supply chain, the paper studies the input and benefit source of dairy quality and safety in every link of supply chain, and analyses the important guarantee of dairy quality and safety in raw milk production and dairy processing. Because of the strong position of dairy processing enterprises, the quality and safety level of dairy products is affected by the unbalanced relationship between the profit and the input of raw milk. Based on the above analysis, starting from the two attributes of dairy safety and quality, this paper takes the two-level supply chain composed of dairy farmers and dairy processing enterprises as the research object, and adopts the method of contract coordination. The benefit distribution of two-level supply chain based on qualified rate and quality degree is carried out respectively. In the benefit distribution based on qualified rate, the benefit and quality safety level of supply chain under centralized decision and decentralized decision are analyzed, and the internal and external loss sharing contract is put forward to make the decentralized decision reach the coordination of supply chain. Under the contract of internal and external loss sharing, the quality and safety level of supply chain reaches the level of centralized decision, and both of them benefit more than decentralized decision. The benefit distribution of supply chain is realized by using contract coefficient {位 _ 1, 位 _ 2}. In the benefit distribution based on quality degree, the concept of quality degree is introduced, and the benefit distribution model considering consumption demand is established. The contract is designed to promote the cooperation between dairy farmers and dairy processing enterprises. After verifying that the traditional revenue-sharing contract is difficult to achieve supply chain coordination, this paper designs a "benefit-sharing cost sharing" contract. Dairy processing enterprises provide high-quality dairy products to encourage dairy farmers, and share sales prices with dairy farmers. After that, the feasibility of the contract is verified by an example, and the range of the contract coefficient is obtained, and the benefits of the dairy farmers and the processing enterprises are redistributed. In this paper, the method of supply chain contract is used to distribute the benefit of the secondary supply chain composed of dairy farmers and processing enterprises in terms of qualification rate and quality degree, which has certain practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.82;F273.2;F274

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