进出口产品质量测度方法的比较与中国事实——基于微观产品和企业数据的实证分析

发布时间：2018-04-28 06:44

本文选题：进口产品质量 + 出口产品质量　；参考：《财经研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：如何科学合理地测算贸易产品质量是研究企业产品质量异质性的一个关键问题,但目前仍缺乏一个被广泛认可的方法,也没有相关研究对不同方法的结果进行比较和检验。文章基于国家层面的进口质量、企业层面的出口质量和企业层面的进口质量三个视角,将已有研究方法进行归类,并利用中国数据进行测算和检验,力求找到不同视角下最符合中国现实的测算方法。研究表明:(1)国家层面的进口质量测算使用KHW方法,而企业层面的出口质量测算则使用SHIBZ方法更加符合中国现实;(2)对于企业层面的进口质量测算,通过引入运输成本和汇率作为产品价格的工具变量对现有方法加以改进,可以克服其存在的样本选择偏差等问题;(3)对贸易产品质量测算方法在国家层面与企业层面、进口方面和出口方面进行划分,其测算结果能够合理地解释我国近年来的进出口产品质量变动趋势,且国家层面与企业层面的一般贸易进口产品质量的变动趋势一致。文章不仅为今后研究中国进出口产品质量问题提供了测算依据,而且有助于我们廓清我国进出口产品质量的现实情况及其变动趋势。
[Abstract]:How to measure the quality of trade products scientifically and reasonably is a key problem to study the heterogeneity of product quality in enterprises. However, there is still a lack of a widely accepted method, and there is no relevant research to compare and test the results of different methods. Based on the three perspectives of import quality at the national level, export quality at the enterprise level and import quality at the enterprise level, this paper classifies the existing research methods and makes use of Chinese data to measure and test them. Try to find the most in line with the reality of China under different perspectives of the calculation method. The study shows that the KHW method is used for the measurement of import quality at the national level, while the SHIBZ method for the export quality measurement at the enterprise level is more in line with the reality in China.) for the measurement of import quality at the enterprise level, By introducing transport cost and exchange rate as tool variables of product price to improve the existing methods, we can overcome the problems of sample selection deviation and so on. According to the classification of import and export, the result of calculation can reasonably explain the trend of import and export product quality change in recent years, and the change trend of import product quality at the national level is consistent with that at the enterprise level. This paper not only provides the basis for the study of the quality of China's import and export products in the future, but also helps us to clarify the actual situation and the changing trend of the quality of our country's import and export products.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71473020) 教育部人文社会科学基金项目(14YJA790058) 北京市社会科学基金重点项目(15JGA005)
【分类号】：F752.6;F273.2

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