微观公平感的形成机制:基于职业群体的双重比较理论

发布时间：2018-05-04 02:13

本文选题：微观公平感 + 个体利益受损　；参考：《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年01期

【摘要】：微观公平感指的是人们评价自己的收入所得是否公平合理。既有研究提出了"参照群体理论",认为人们会参照他人来形成对自己收入是否公平的判断,却未能澄清人们如何选择参照群体,以及相应的微观公平感形成机制。本文基于新涂尔干主义的社会分层理论提出"职业群体参照理论",强调"职业"构成了群内与群际比较的参照边界。具体而言,人们通过双重比较过程形成自己的微观公平感判断,一方面将自己与同职业的其他从业者进行比较,形成"个体利益受损与否"的判断;另一方面则会将本职业群体与其他职业群体进行比较,形成"群体利益受损与否"的判断,进而整合为个体的微观公平感认知。而且,当人们判断个体利益与本职业群体利益均受损时,会产生加乘效应,加剧恶化人们的微观公平感。
[Abstract]:Micro-fairness refers to people's assessment of whether their income is fair and reasonable. The existing studies put forward the "reference group theory", which holds that people can judge whether their income is fair or not by referring to others, but fails to clarify how people choose the reference group and the corresponding mechanism of formation of microcosmic sense of fairness. Based on the social stratification theory of Neo-Durkheim, this paper puts forward the "occupational group reference theory", emphasizing that "occupation" constitutes the reference boundary of intra-group and inter-group comparison. In particular, people form their own judgment of microcosmic sense of fairness through the process of double comparison. On the one hand, they compare themselves with other practitioners in the same profession to judge whether the interests of individuals are damaged or not. On the other hand, the professional group will be compared with other professional groups, forming the judgment of "group interest is damaged or not", and then integrating into the individual's micro sense of fairness cognition. Moreover, when people judge that the individual interests and the interests of the professional group are both damaged, the multiplicative effect will be produced, which will aggravate people's micro sense of fairness.
【作者单位】：复旦大学社会学系;上海社会科学院
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“我国目前社会阶层状况研究”(08JZD0024)
【分类号】：F272.92

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