基于DEA-t检验的以企业为主体的科技创新效率评价

发布时间：2018-06-07 05:40

本文选题：科技创新 + 科技效率　；参考：《中国管理科学》2016年11期

【摘要】：以企业为主体的科技创新效率评价是衡量科技投入后的产出水平、资源利用效率并寻找影响科技创新效率的主要因素,为优化资源投入结构打下基础。以企业作为科技投入和产出的主体,通过数据包络分析(DEA)中CCR模型和BCC模型测算中国15个副省级城市科技创新的总体投入产出效率、纯技术效率和规模效率。通过DEA-t检验的方法萃取出显著影响效率的关键指标,找到不同副省级城市各自效率偏低的关键问题。创新与特色一是将保留所有指标的DEA效率测算模型作为基础模型,将逐一剔除单个指标后的DEA效率测算模型作为对比模型。通过t检验,依次检验基础模型与每个对比模型的总体投入效率TE是否存在显著差异。若差异显著,则对比模型中剔除的指标为显著影响效率的关键指标,由此确定了影响科技创新效率的五个关键指标。改变现有研究的数据包络分析(DEA)方法仅仅能测算效率、无法萃取影响效率的关键因素的弊端。二是实证结果表明:显著影响以企业为主体的科技创新效率的关键指标为规模以上工业企业RD经费内部支出、财政科技经费投入、科技从业人员数、技术市场成交额、规模以上工业企业新产品产值。三是实证结果表明:不同副省级城市导致效率偏低的关键问题大相径庭。如杭州的关键问题是"财政科技经费投入"的冗余率过大,而哈尔滨的关键问题是"规模以上工业企业新产品产值"的产出不足超高。
[Abstract]:The evaluation of scientific and technological innovation efficiency based on enterprise is to measure the output level after the input of science and technology, to find the main factors that affect the efficiency of science and technology innovation, and to lay the foundation for optimizing the structure of resource input. The total input-output efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of science and technology innovation in 15 sub-provincial cities in China are calculated by CCR model and BCC model through data envelopment analysis. By DEA-t test, the key indexes which significantly affect the efficiency are extracted, and the key problems of the low efficiency of different sub-provincial cities are found. One of the innovations and characteristics is that the DEA efficiency measurement model which retains all the indexes is taken as the basic model, and the DEA efficiency measurement model after one index is eliminated one by one is taken as the contrast model. T test is used to test whether there is a significant difference in the total input efficiency between the basic model and each contrast model. If the difference is significant, the index eliminated in the model is the key index which has significant influence on the efficiency of science and technology innovation, and the five key indexes that affect the efficiency of science and technology innovation are determined. Changing the existing data Envelopment Analysis (DEAA) method can only measure the efficiency and can not extract the disadvantages of the key factors affecting the efficiency. Second, the empirical results show that the key indicators that significantly affect the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation with the enterprise as the main body are the internal expenditure of R D funds, the financial investment of science and technology funds, the number of scientific and technological employees, and the turnover of the technology market in industrial enterprises above the scale. Output value of new products of industrial enterprises above scale. Third, the empirical results show that the key problems of low efficiency caused by different sub-provincial cities differ greatly. For example, the key problem in Hangzhou is that the redundant rate of "financial investment in science and technology" is too large, while the key problem in Harbin is that the output of "new product output value of industrial enterprises above scale" is not high enough.
【作者单位】：大连理工大学管理与经济学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71471027,71171031) 大连市政协项目(2014-03)
【分类号】：F224;F273.1

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