就地城镇化进程中农民工返乡创业的制度支持体系研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 19:29

【摘要】：随着中小城镇就地城镇化的进程加快,具备一定条件的城市农民工在权衡城乡利益以后,做出返乡的决定,其中,有返乡创业意愿的农民工为数众多。政府在此背景下出台了一系列支持农民工返乡创业的相关优惠政策。但是,中央政府站在决策的制高点,提出的优惠政策对承接农民工返乡创业的地方政府和返乡创业的农民工个人而言可能并不适用,从而对支持农民工返乡创业所起到的作用非常有限。同时,城乡之间固化的户籍制度、教育制度以及公共服务体制的二元结构刚性使得城乡之间的社会福利逐渐拉大,从而阻碍了农民工的长期性返乡创业。本文以制度支持为切入点,通过文献研究法和归纳演绎法,梳理分析就地城镇化与农民工返乡创业之间所存在的双向作用,归纳总结出中国现行土地制度、户籍制度、教育制度与社会保障制度等城乡二元体制对农民工返乡创业的阻碍作用,中央政府提供的融资支持制度、税费优惠制度、创业教育培训制度供给与农民工返乡创业的制度需求不匹配以及地方政府有关执行力的制度存在缺陷。上述阻碍因素的存在源于中央政府与地方政府利益诉求的非一致性、城镇化进程中地方政府对土地财政制度的路径依赖以及城乡二元体制中存在的自我强化实施机制。由此,本文提出构建创业支持制度、土地制度、城乡一体化的公共服务制度与强化执行力的制度的农民工返乡创业"四位一体"制度支持体系。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the process of local urbanization in small and medium-sized towns, urban migrant workers with certain conditions make the decision of returning home after weighing the interests of urban and rural areas, among which, there are a large number of migrant workers who have the will to return to their hometown to start their own businesses. In this context, the government issued a series of preferential policies to support migrant workers returning to start their own businesses. However, the central government stands at the commanding height of decision-making, and the preferential policies proposed may not be applicable to the local governments that undertake the return of migrant workers to start their own businesses and the individual migrant workers who return to their hometowns to start their own businesses. Thus, the role of supporting migrant workers to return home to start a business is very limited. At the same time, the rigid dual structure of household registration system, education system and public service system between urban and rural areas makes the social welfare between urban and rural areas gradually expand, thus hindering the long-term return of migrant workers to start their own businesses. This text regards system support as the breakthrough point, through the literature research method and inductive deductive method, combs and analyzes the two-way function between the local urbanization and the peasant workers returning home to start a business, sums up the current land system, the household registration system of China. The dual urban and rural systems, such as the education system and the social security system, are hindering the return of migrant workers to start their own businesses, the financing support system provided by the central government, the preferential tax and fee system, The supply of entrepreneurship education and training system does not match with the system demand of migrant workers returning to their hometown to start their own businesses, and the local government's system of executive power has some defects. The existence of the above obstacles stems from the inconsistency of the interests of the central government and the local government, the path dependence of the local government on the land financial system in the process of urbanization and the self-strengthening implementation mechanism in the dual system of urban and rural areas. Therefore, this paper puts forward the "four-in-one" system supporting the establishment of entrepreneurship support system, land system, urban and rural integration of public service system and strengthening the implementation of the system of migrant workers returning home to start their own businesses.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F299.21;F323.6;F279.2

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