考虑人因因素的视情维修决策研究

发布时间：2018-09-06 19:15

【摘要】：设备的最优维修问题维修问题一直是企业长久以来关注和研究的问题之一。随着科学技术的快速发展,虽然设备在安全性和可靠性方面都有了很大程度的提高,但是设备的维修成本并没有明显降低。研究发现,维修过程中的人因失误是导致成本费用率升高的重要原因之一。特别是企业设备的数量、种类的增多、规模的扩大、复杂性程度的提高,对设备维护人员提高相应的专业知识和技能有了新的要求。实际中,维护人员的专业知识和技能与设备的更新速度差距较大,导致维修人员差错率不断上升,这表明人因因素对设备状态检测及维修效果的影响越来越明显。因而,考虑人因因素对状态检测的影响,方可制定出更合理的维修方案。本文将“人因因素”引入到设备视情维修决策优化过程中,研究了其建模与优化问题,主要内容包括:首先,利用功能共振模型,以视情维修为研究对象,将其分为五个功能单元,建立功能共振网络,对该过程中可能存在的人因因素进行分析。研究发现从数据收集到决策的制定,人因失误主要发生在数据收集和诊断检测环节。然后,将视情维修中识别出的人因失误因素进行定量分析,通过层次分析法与成功似然法计相结合的方法以计算诊断检测环节失误发生的概率并分析其致因是由于相关人员经验、专业技能和知识缺乏导致。最后,以单设备系统为研究对象,考虑人因因素对其进行最优维修决策建模与优化研究。在对设备的劣化状态进行划分,并推导各维修方式发生概率的基础上建立了基于更新理论的设备长期平均费用率最优模型,进而求解设备的最优检测周期、预防性维修阈值。研究表明由于人因因素的影响,设备的平均费用率增加,且随着人因失误概率的增加,设备的检测周期和预防性维修的阈值均有减少。
[Abstract]:The optimal maintenance of equipment has been one of the problems that enterprises have been paying close attention to for a long time. With the rapid development of science and technology, although the safety and reliability of the equipment have been greatly improved, the maintenance cost of the equipment has not been significantly reduced. It is found that human error in maintenance is one of the important reasons for the increase of cost-cost rate. Especially, the quantity, variety, scale and complexity of the equipment in the enterprise are increasing, which makes it necessary for the equipment maintainers to improve their professional knowledge and skills. In practice, the gap between the professional knowledge and skills of maintenance personnel and the renewal rate of equipment is large, which leads to the increasing error rate of maintenance personnel, which indicates that the influence of human factors on equipment condition detection and maintenance effect is becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, considering the influence of human factors on condition detection, a more reasonable maintenance scheme can be worked out. In this paper, the "human factor" is introduced into the process of equipment maintenance decision optimization, and its modeling and optimization are studied. The main contents are as follows: first, using the functional resonance model, taking the condition based maintenance as the research object, It is divided into five functional units, the functional resonance network is established, and the possible human factors in the process are analyzed. It is found that human error mainly occurs in data collection and diagnosis and detection from data collection to decision making. Then, the human error factors identified in the condition based maintenance are quantitatively analyzed. Through the method of combining AHP with successful likelihood method, the probability of fault in diagnosis and detection is calculated and the causes are analyzed because of the lack of relevant personnel's experience, professional skills and knowledge. Finally, taking the single equipment system as the research object, the optimal maintenance decision modeling and optimization research are carried out considering the human factors. On the basis of dividing the deterioration state of equipment and deducing the probability of each maintenance mode, an optimal model of equipment long-term average cost rate based on renewal theory is established, and then the optimal detection period and preventive maintenance threshold of equipment are solved. The results show that the average cost rate of the equipment increases due to human factors, and the detection period and the threshold value of preventive maintenance decrease with the increase of the probability of human error.
【学位授予单位】：太原科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F273.4

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