创业者能力感知与失败恐惧感对创业意愿的影响研究
发布时间：2018-09-12 08:58
【摘要】：十八大以来,我国提出要坚持走中国特色自主创新道路、实施创新驱动发展战略,推进“大众创业,万众创新”。创新创业离不开创业者主观能动性的发挥。创业者的主观能动来自于创业者个人特质,创业者个人特质影响创业意愿的形成。国家现有的正式与非正式制度环境,将影响创业者创业意愿的生成。目前,世界各国都意识到创新创业对于一国竞争优势和经济发展所起到的重要作用。但不同国家由于制度和非制度差异,其制度和非正式制度环境对本国创业者的创业意愿形成的刺激作用也存在差距。能够影响创业意愿的创业者特质有很多:创业者禀赋、成就动机、模糊容忍能力等;对于潜在创业者而言,从认知角度更强调能力感知与失败恐惧感是其区别于习惯性创业者的重要特征。因此,本文试图从个体角度探讨潜在创业者的能力感知与失败恐惧感对创业意愿的影响。同时,国家制度环境和国家非制度环境是影响潜在创业者创业意愿形成的重要因素。Stenholmetal.(2013)研究认为,国家创业系统由国家管制环境、社会规范环境、创业认知环境和创新有利环境四个维度构成。在现实生活中,从潜在创业者能力感知与失败恐惧感到创业意愿的路径受到不同因素的综合影响。本文从创业制度环境视角研究创业者能力感知与失败恐惧感对创业意愿的影响机制。基于上述问题,本文首先基于全球创业观察(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,GEM)的全球数据,分析了创业者能力感知与失败恐惧感对创业意愿的影响。其次分析了不同国家创业制度环境对创业者能力感知与失败恐惧感对创业意愿之间关系的调节作用,分析在不同制度下潜在创业者创业意愿形成差异。通过实证检验,本文验证了创业者能力感知对创业意愿有正向影响,创业者失败恐惧感对创业意愿有负向影响;国家管制环境对创业者能力感知与创业意愿间关系起增强型交互作用;社会规范环境对创业者失败恐惧感与创业意愿间关系起干扰型交互作用;创新有利环境在创业者能力感知与创业意愿间关系起增强型交互作用。本文将创业者按照创业经验进行分类,从认知的角度研究潜在创业者创业意愿的形成机制,为国家鼓励激发全社会人才的创业活力提供新的视角;同时将创业学与制度经济学结合,把国家创业系统引入创业意愿研究中,对比各国创业制度优势与劣势,为国家构建良好的创业生态环境,制定合理的创业支持政策,刺激潜在创业者积极创业、提升创业-产出比提供理论与决策依据。
[Abstract]:Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has proposed to stick to the road of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, and promote "mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation". Innovation and entrepreneurship can not be separated from the subjective initiative of entrepreneurs. The subjective initiative of entrepreneurs comes from their personal characteristics, which affect the formation of entrepreneurial will. The existing formal and informal institutional environment of the country will affect the formation of entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial willingness. At present, countries all over the world realize that innovation and entrepreneurship play an important role in a country's competitive advantage and economic development. However, due to different institutional and non-institutional differences, there are also gaps in the stimulating effects of institutional and informal institutional environments on entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial willingness. There are a number of entrepreneurial traits that can influence entrepreneurial willingness: entrepreneurial endowments, achievement motivation, vague tolerance, etc., and for potential entrepreneurs, From the cognitive point of view, ability perception and fear of failure are important characteristics that distinguish them from habitual entrepreneurs. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore the impact of aptitude perception and fear of failure of potential entrepreneurs on entrepreneurial willingness from an individual perspective. At the same time, the national institutional environment and the national non-institutional environment are important factors influencing the formation of entrepreneurial willingness of potential entrepreneurs. Stenholmetal.A study shows that the national entrepreneurship system is regulated by the state and regulated by the society. There are four dimensions of entrepreneurial cognitive environment and innovation favorable environment. In real life, the path from potential entrepreneurs' ability perception and fear of failure to entrepreneurial willingness is influenced by different factors. This paper studies the influence mechanism of entrepreneur's ability perception and fear of failure on entrepreneurial intention from the perspective of entrepreneurial institutional environment. Based on the global data of Global Entrepreneurship Watch (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,GEM), this paper analyzes the impact of perceived ability and fear of failure on entrepreneurial willingness. Secondly, this paper analyzes the role of entrepreneurial institutional environment in different countries in regulating the relationship between entrepreneurs' ability perception and fear of failure, and analyzes the differences of entrepreneurial willingness of potential entrepreneurs under different systems. Through the empirical test, this paper verifies that the ability perception of entrepreneurs has a positive impact on entrepreneurial willingness, and the fear of failure has a negative impact on entrepreneurial willingness. The national regulatory environment plays an enhanced role in the relationship between entrepreneurs' ability perception and entrepreneurial willingness, and the social normative environment interferes with the relationship between entrepreneurs' fear of failure and entrepreneurial willingness. The enabling environment of innovation plays an enhanced role in the relationship between entrepreneur's ability perception and entrepreneurial willingness. This paper classifies entrepreneurs according to their entrepreneurial experience, studies the formation mechanism of entrepreneurial willingness of potential entrepreneurs from the perspective of cognition, and provides a new perspective for the government to encourage and stimulate the entrepreneurial vitality of the whole society. At the same time, combining entrepreneurship with institutional economics, introducing the national entrepreneurship system into the study of entrepreneurial intention, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of national entrepreneurship system, to build a good entrepreneurial ecological environment for the country, and to formulate reasonable entrepreneurship support policies. To stimulate potential entrepreneurs to actively start their own businesses, and to improve the entrepreneurial-output ratio to provide theoretical and decision-making basis.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F279.2
，
本文编号：2238528
[Abstract]:Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has proposed to stick to the road of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, and promote "mass entrepreneurship and mass innovation". Innovation and entrepreneurship can not be separated from the subjective initiative of entrepreneurs. The subjective initiative of entrepreneurs comes from their personal characteristics, which affect the formation of entrepreneurial will. The existing formal and informal institutional environment of the country will affect the formation of entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial willingness. At present, countries all over the world realize that innovation and entrepreneurship play an important role in a country's competitive advantage and economic development. However, due to different institutional and non-institutional differences, there are also gaps in the stimulating effects of institutional and informal institutional environments on entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial willingness. There are a number of entrepreneurial traits that can influence entrepreneurial willingness: entrepreneurial endowments, achievement motivation, vague tolerance, etc., and for potential entrepreneurs, From the cognitive point of view, ability perception and fear of failure are important characteristics that distinguish them from habitual entrepreneurs. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore the impact of aptitude perception and fear of failure of potential entrepreneurs on entrepreneurial willingness from an individual perspective. At the same time, the national institutional environment and the national non-institutional environment are important factors influencing the formation of entrepreneurial willingness of potential entrepreneurs. Stenholmetal.A study shows that the national entrepreneurship system is regulated by the state and regulated by the society. There are four dimensions of entrepreneurial cognitive environment and innovation favorable environment. In real life, the path from potential entrepreneurs' ability perception and fear of failure to entrepreneurial willingness is influenced by different factors. This paper studies the influence mechanism of entrepreneur's ability perception and fear of failure on entrepreneurial intention from the perspective of entrepreneurial institutional environment. Based on the global data of Global Entrepreneurship Watch (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,GEM), this paper analyzes the impact of perceived ability and fear of failure on entrepreneurial willingness. Secondly, this paper analyzes the role of entrepreneurial institutional environment in different countries in regulating the relationship between entrepreneurs' ability perception and fear of failure, and analyzes the differences of entrepreneurial willingness of potential entrepreneurs under different systems. Through the empirical test, this paper verifies that the ability perception of entrepreneurs has a positive impact on entrepreneurial willingness, and the fear of failure has a negative impact on entrepreneurial willingness. The national regulatory environment plays an enhanced role in the relationship between entrepreneurs' ability perception and entrepreneurial willingness, and the social normative environment interferes with the relationship between entrepreneurs' fear of failure and entrepreneurial willingness. The enabling environment of innovation plays an enhanced role in the relationship between entrepreneur's ability perception and entrepreneurial willingness. This paper classifies entrepreneurs according to their entrepreneurial experience, studies the formation mechanism of entrepreneurial willingness of potential entrepreneurs from the perspective of cognition, and provides a new perspective for the government to encourage and stimulate the entrepreneurial vitality of the whole society. At the same time, combining entrepreneurship with institutional economics, introducing the national entrepreneurship system into the study of entrepreneurial intention, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of national entrepreneurship system, to build a good entrepreneurial ecological environment for the country, and to formulate reasonable entrepreneurship support policies. To stimulate potential entrepreneurs to actively start their own businesses, and to improve the entrepreneurial-output ratio to provide theoretical and decision-making basis.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F279.2
，
本文编号：2238528
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