小微企业合作竞争的演化机理与模式研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 11:11

【摘要】：我国是长久以来是把马克思主义理论与实际相结合,建设中国特色社会主义的国家。企业的合作与竞争是马克思主义政治经济学的重要研究内容,虽然知识经济迅猛发展、经济全球化进程日益加快,但马克思主义政治经济学仍然具有强大的竞争力。本文研究的内容属于发展中的马克思主义政治经济学。政治经济学是马克思主义理论的重要组成部分,而合作竞争理论是对马克思主义政治经济学中竞争理论的一个重要延伸和发展。小微企业是国民经济和社会发展的重要基础。小微企业健康发展对于我国经济克服国际因素影响,保持健康较快发展、吸纳就业、保障社会稳定具有重要战略意义。当前,中国经济下滑严重,各行各业均不景气。在此形势下,小微企业作为一个“弱势群体”,如果没有相应的知识整合的合作与核心技术的竞争,很容易面临破产倒闭的困境。中国的小微企业正面临着经营成本上升明显、订单减少和资金链紧张、融资艰难等困境。小微企业生存发展面临严重困境有企业自身的原因,也有宏观经济以及政策制度方面等客观影响。在此形势下,小微企业若想要生存发展、做大做强,必须通过一定的合作竞争,只有通过合作竞争,小微企业才能“在夹缝中求生存”。而只有广大的小微企业实现良好的发展壮大,我国的经济才能够停止下滑、恢复增长。本文通过查找整理大量的国内外文献资料并通过分析一些案列,结合中国经济发展和社会发展的实际,将马克思主义政治经济学的研究范围延伸到小微企业。将原来马克思主义政治经济学重点强调的企业竞争关系,延伸到企业的合作竞争关系。通过总结和归纳小微企业的生存发展的历史及现状,得出小微企业合作竞争的演化机理,从而分析小微企业应如何通过与其他企业的合作竞争来谋求发展。最终,通过总结前人研究和国内外案例,分析了合作竞争理论在我国的适用,提出了新常态发展阶段对我国小微企业的一些要求并对我国小微企业的发展提出了一些个人的建议。本文第一章首先分析了我国当前经济出现的一些问题,指出了经济新常态的三个特点:经济增速放缓、产业机构升级和驱动方式转为创新驱动,并由此引出了本文的研究意义与目的:通过对合作竞争理论和国外案例的分析和研究,结合我国国情,将合作竞争理论引入我国小微企业的发展策略之中,以促进我国小微企业的发展,乃至对中国经济的推动和发展,做一些探讨;此外本章还提出了本文的研究方法和本文的创新点等。本文主要运用了文献研究法、跨学科研究法和案例研究法;本文提出了要进行跨行业的合作竞争的新理念。一些基本概念的界定如“合作竞争”、“市场能见度”等也包含在第一章中。本文第二章分别介绍了关于小微企业和合作竞争理论的前人研究成果及目前国内外的研究现状,包含了小微企业和合作竞争理论的提出,发展历史等,为分析小微企业合作竞争的发展机理奠定下了基础。合作竞争的词源是cooperation-competition,现在被称为coopetition。这个单词是由美国网络提供商novell创作出来的,分别将“cooperation”和“competition”各取一半,被称为时代造就的英语新词。在国外研究者中,耶鲁大学管理学教授拜瑞·内勒巴夫和哈佛大学企业管理学教授亚当·布兰登勃格是研究合作竞争理论的代表人物,1996年合作出版的《合作竞争》是他们的代表作。综合来看,国外对于合作竞争理论的研究要远远早于且遥遥领先于国内。本文第三章着重讨论了关于小微企业的发展概述包括小微企业的定义、小微企业在经济发展中的作用及我国小微企业出现的问题等内容。我国规定从业人员十人及以上的为小型企业,十人以下的为微型企业。我国的小微企业地域上主要集中在东南部,行业上有向服务业集中的趋势,性质上主要以私营企业为主。小微企业有能够促进经济发展、扩大就业、方便人们生活等作用,有着不可替代的地位。我国小微企业遇到的主要问题有死亡率高、平均寿命短;企业融资困难,和政策支持相对欠缺等。本文的第四、第五章分别总结了小微企业合作竞争的演化机理和模式。其中第四章包含了合作竞争理论的演化机理以及小微企业进行合作竞争战略实践的演化机理;第五章分别阐述了同行业和跨行业合作竞争的模式。1913年合作竞争的雏形由sealshiptoystersystem提出的时候,它的含义是寻求秩序和混乱之间的平衡,这一概念一直延续到1981年的美国大学教科书“思考政治:从社会视角看待政府”。经济学上的合作竞争概念在大约1992年由raymondnoorda解释了具体的内容。大约从2009年开始,“合作竞争”这个词被着重强调在发展“小微型企业”的会议和研讨会上,同时,小型企业如何应用合作竞争这样的学术研究、论文发表数目也逐渐增多。本文的最后一章是通过前面几章的研究分析,总结出了合作竞争理论在我国的试用情况并给出了笔者对我国小微企业的发展建议以及在新常态经济发展阶段对于我国小微企业的新要求,最后指出了本文的研究不足和待完善之处:对于小微企业合作竞争战略在中国的适用,仅进行了理论上的分析,没有具体结合中国的历史传统、当前社会形势、人际关系习惯等进行进一步的分析。
[Abstract]:China has long been a country that combines Marxist theory with practice to build socialism with Chinese characteristics. The cooperation and competition of enterprises is an important research content of Marxist political economics. Although the knowledge economy is developing rapidly and the process of economic globalization is accelerating day by day, Marxist political economics is still strong. The content of this paper belongs to the developing Marxist political economics. Political economics is an important part of Marxist theory, and cooperative competition theory is an important extension and development of the competition theory in Marxist political economics. The healthy development of small and micro enterprises is of great strategic significance for China's economy to overcome the influence of international factors, maintain a healthy and rapid development, absorb employment and ensure social stability. China's small and micro enterprises are facing the predicament of bankruptcy and bankruptcy because of their cooperation and competition in core technologies. China's small and micro enterprises are facing the predicament of rising operating costs, decreasing orders, tight capital chain and financing difficulties. In this situation, if small and micro enterprises want to survive and develop, become bigger and stronger, they must have certain cooperation and competition. Only through cooperation and competition can small and micro enterprises "survive in the cracks". Only when the vast number of small and micro enterprises achieve good development and growth, China's economy can stop sliding and resume growth. This paper extends the research scope of Marxist political economics to small and micro enterprises by searching and sorting out a large number of domestic and foreign documents and analyzing some cases, combining with the reality of China's economic and social development. Through summarizing and summarizing the history and present situation of the existence and development of small and micro enterprises, this paper draws the evolution mechanism of cooperation and competition of small and micro enterprises, and then analyzes how small and micro enterprises should seek development through cooperation and competition with other enterprises. Firstly, this paper analyzes some problems in China's current economy, and points out three characteristics of the new normal economy: economic growth slowdown, industrial upgrading and driving mode. This paper introduces the cooperative competition theory into the development strategy of China's small and micro enterprises through the analysis and study of the cooperative competition theory and foreign cases, in order to promote the development of China's small and micro enterprises and even the promotion and development of China's economy. This article mainly uses the literature research method, the interdisciplinary research method and the case study method; this article proposed the new idea which must carry on the interdisciplinary cooperation competition. Some basic concepts such as "the cooperation competition", "the market visibility" and so on also included. In the first chapter, the second chapter introduces the predecessors'research results and the present research situation at home and abroad on the theory of small and micro enterprises and cooperative competition, including the theory of small and micro enterprises and cooperative competition, the development history, etc., which lays the foundation for the analysis of the development mechanism of small and micro enterprises' cooperative competition. Cooperation-competition, now known as coopetition, is an English word coined by American Internet provider Noell, which takes half of "cooperation" and half of "competition" respectively. Among foreign researchers, Yale University management professor Barry Nellerbaff and Harvard University Enterprise Adam Brandenburg, a professor of management, is a representative of the cooperative competition theory. The cooperative competition published in 1996 is their representative work. Generally speaking, the foreign research on cooperative competition theory is far ahead of and far ahead of the domestic research. It includes the definition of small and micro enterprises, the role of small and micro enterprises in economic development, and the problems of small and micro enterprises in China. Small and micro enterprises play an irreplaceable role in promoting economic development, expanding employment and facilitating people's lives. The main problems encountered by small and micro enterprises in China are high mortality rate, short life expectancy, financing difficulties and relatively lack of policy support. The fourth chapter includes the evolution mechanism of cooperation and competition theory and the evolution mechanism of cooperation and competition strategy practice of small and micro enterprises; the fifth chapter elaborates the cooperation and competition model of the same industry and cross-industry respectively. The concept of cooperative competition in economics was explained in about 1992 by Raymond Norda. At the same time, the number of papers published on the application of cooperative competition in small enterprises has gradually increased. The last chapter of this paper summarizes the application of cooperative competition theory in China through the analysis of the previous chapters. Finally, the author points out the shortcomings and imperfections of this study: for the application of the cooperative and competitive strategy of small and micro enterprises in China, only a theoretical analysis is made, not a specific combination of China's history. The current social situation, interpersonal habits and so on are further analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.3;F275

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