我国上市商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效相关性研究

  本文关键词：我国上市商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效相关性研究，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

        众所周知,商业银行是经营货币的特殊企业,也是高负债经营的企业,资本是其经营的基础和运营的保证,所以商业银行也被视为经营资本和风险的企业。资本充足率作为衡量商业银行资本充足程度和判别风险承受能力的标准之一,早已成为约束银行经营行为的重要金融政策工具。经营绩效是商业银行追逐的唯目标,也是反映其当前竞争实力和未来可持续发展能力的关键因素。因此,对商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效的相关性进行研究有着极其重大的意义。1988年《巴塞尔协议》的正式实施标志着国际银行业第一个统一的资本标准的诞生,虽然在此之后于2004年出台的《巴塞尔新资本协议》对《巴塞尔协议》进行了大幅度的修正与补充,但随着经济全球化、金融国际化浪潮的涌动,金融创新日新月异,银行业务也趋于多元化和复杂化以及商业银行的扩张和金融管制的放松,使得银行经营风险不断加大,于是逐步酝酿了危机的发生。2008年爆发的全球性金融危机为监管部门敲响了警钟,随即催生出了2010年的《巴塞尔协议Ⅲ》,这一新标准与之前的监管协议相比,更加注重资本的质量和抗周期性风险的能力。由于体制的原因,我国商业银行在过去并不十分重视资本充足率问题,长期以来都存在着资本结构不合理、附属资本充足率偏低等诸多问题。近几年随着我国商业银行纷纷股改上市,资本充足率相应得到大幅度提升,但许多问题仍未得到改善。面对新的监管要求,我国商业银行应如何调整资本资产,既能使得资本充足率达到《巴塞尔协议Ⅲ》的标准,又能实现其经营绩效的稳步提升,寻找这一难题的解决之道如今已成为商业银行和监管机构的当务之急。本文有鉴于此,选择对我国上市商业银行资本充足率和经营绩效的关系进行研究,并针对性地提出优化资本结构的建议,希望能对我国上市商业银行的资本管理和绩效提升贡献一份微薄之力。本文结构安排如下：首先,对国内外关于资本结构、资本充足性监管对商业银行经营绩效的影响的文献进行综述,发现学者们对于这个问题并没有统一的看法。其次,在对商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效的相关理论进行总结的基础上对资本充足率与经营绩效的作用机理进行分析。再次,根据上市商业银行近几年公开披露的数据信息,对其资本充足率与经营绩效的现状进行了逐步分析,并为后续的实证研究提供了数据准备。最后,选取了各上市商业银行近五年的季度数据,在运用主成分分析法成功构建上市商业银行综合绩效评价指标之后,对资本充足率等相关指标与综合绩效指标进行回归分析。结果表明：我国上市商业银行资本充足率、核心资本充足率与经营绩效显著正相关,而附属资本充足率不显著。第一股东持股比例、股东性质、资产规模等指标也与经营绩效呈现正相关,这说明了资本结构、治理结构等因素也对经营绩效产生了一定影响。依据对结论的分析,本文发现适度提高资本充足率(特别是核心资本充足率)、优化资本结构有益于商业银行经营绩效的提升。

    As all we know, commercial bank is the special enterprise which operates currencyand is always being high debt. Capital is the foundation of its management and theguarantee of operation, so commercial banks can also be seen as the enterprise whosemajor is capital and risk management. As a measure of commercial bank capitaladequacy, capital adequacy ratio is also one of these criteria to discriminate the abilityof risk tolerance. Operating performance is the only goal of commercial banks and thekey factors which can reflect the current competition strength and the future sustainabledevelopment ability. It had become the important financial policy tool to constraintbank management behavior. Hence, the research between capital adequacy ratio and theperformance of commercial bank has very crucial significance.Implemention of Basel Accord designated the birth of the unified capital standardsin the international bank section in1988. The introduction of the “New Basel CapitalAccord” in2004made a lot of revision and supplement on “the Basel Accord”. But withthe increasingly more rapidly economic globalization and financial internationalization,the innovation of financial products changing quickly, Banking tends to be diversifiedand complicated, financial markets are deregulating, commercial banks are expandingquickly. All these brought about a world-class crisis. The outbreak of the financial crisisin2008sounded the alarm for regulatory and gave birth to the “Basel III”. Compared tothe regulatory agreement, this new standard paid more attention to the quality of capitaland the ability of prevention of cyclical risk. Due to institutional reasons, commercialbank in our country didn’t attach importance to the problem of capital adequacy in thepast, its capital structure and was not reasonable for a long time. In recent years, ascommercial banks listed one after another, capital adequacy ratio has also been greatlyimproved. Thus many issues still remain unresolved. Facing new regulatoryrequirements, commercial banks should be how to adjust the capital asset, could theyreach the Basel III standard and achieve the steady improvement in its operatingperformance. The solution to this problem has now become the top priority of thecommercial banks and regulatory agencies. In this view, we choose to study therelationship between capital adequacy and performance of china’s commercial bank andgive some suggestion for improving the structure of capital. I hope that the work I have done in this dissertation will devote my weak strength to the enhancement of capitalmanagement and the performance of commercial banks in china.This paper is organized as follows Firstly it summarized several literatures aboutthe capital structure and capital adequacy regulation’s impact on the performance oflisted commercial banks. Then it found that there is no consensus about this issueworldwide. Secondly, based on the summary of the theory on the capital adequacy ratioof commercial banks and operating performance, we analysis the mechanism of actionabout the capital adequacy and performance. Thirdly, a situation stepwise analysis ofcapital adequacy and performance of China’s listed commercial banks was doneaccording to the publicly disclosed information of recently years. It also get the dataready to the following empirical research. Finally, selected quarterly data of the listedcommercial banks in the past five years and by used of principal component analysissuccessfully built a comprehensive performance evaluation of listed commercial banks.Then this paper constructed of regression model which as Performance Indicator to bedependent variable, as the capital adequacy of the relevant indicators to be independentvariables. The empirical results show that listed commercial banks’ capital adequacyratio, core capital adequacy ratio and operating performance has a significant positiverelevant relationship, but Supplementary capital adequacy ratio is unrelated. Stake of thelargest shareholder shareholder’s nature and asset size also positively correlated withoperating performance. It suggested that Capital structure, governance structure, andother factors also had an impact on business performance. According to the results ofempirical analysis, we found an appropriate increase in the capital adequacy ratio (corecapital adequacy ratio) and optimization of the capital structure is conducive to thegrowth of the operating performance of commercial banks.

我国上市商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效相关性研究

摘要5-7ABSTRACT7-8第一章 绪论10-21    第一节 研究背景和意义10-11    第二节 国内外相关研究文献综述11-18    第三节 研究方法、内容及框架18-20    第四节 本文创新与局限之处20-21第二章 商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效相关的理论基础21-34    第一节 资本充足率的相关理论21-26    第二节 经营绩效的相关理论26-30    第三节 上市银行资本充足率对经营绩效的影响机理分析30-34第三章 我国上市银行资本充足率与资本结构的现状分析34-38    第一节 我国商业银行资本充足率分析34-36    第二节 我国商业银行资本结构分析36-38第四章 我国上市银行经营绩效的现状分析38-54    第一节 盈利能力评价38-46    第二节 风险管理能力评价46-51    第三节 发展能力评价51-54第五章 上市银行资本充足率与经营绩效关系的实证研究54-71    第一节 商业银行绩效综合指标构建—基于主成分分析法54-60    第二节 上市商业银行资本充足率与综合绩效的回归分析60-71第六章 关于资本充足率补充机制的建议71-74    第一节 降低风险资产71-72    第二节 增加核心资本72-73    第三节 补充附属资本73-74参考文献74-77附录77-78致谢78-79

  本文关键词：我国上市商业银行资本充足率与经营绩效相关性研究，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。