我国房地产开发经营企业项目群构建及资源优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 22:50

本文选题：房地产开发经营企业 + 项目群构建　；参考：《长安大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从20世纪90年代，我国房地产行业取得了飞速的发展，已成为国家重要的支持产业之一，在国民经济中占有重要的地位和作用。但随着房地产行业的快速发展，供需结构不合理、区域发展不均、产品定价过高等问题逐渐暴露出来。为此，国家先后出台了一系列深化和细化房地产市场调控的政策，对市场需求和房地产开发经营企业进行管控。为在调控环境下求得生存与发展，房地产开发经营企业必须改变经营管理模式，提高其市场竞争力。目前，我国房地产开发经营企业采取的开发模式主要有两种：机会导向下的差异化开发与战略导向下的标准化开发。在机会导向下的差异化开发模式中，各个项目的规模、产品类型与产品档次等都有很大差异，企业将很有可能会面临很多新的问题，这将会使企业的成本增加，效率降低；但是，在战略导向下的标准化开发模式中，连锁复制的开发方式可以从根源上节约项目的成本和管理费用。它已成为房地产开发企业在当前市场状况下做大做强的必由之路。然而，在战略导向下的标准化开发模式中，子项目由于使用相同或类似的资源，存在着相互竞争的关系，同时，子项目之间又存在着收益相关性，这样势必会影响到企业发展战略目标的实现。因此，如何合理构建项目群以及项目群中资源如何优化配置是房地产开发经营企业向战略导向下的标准化开发模式转换的过程中所面临的迫切问题，亟待得到有效解决。本文从我国房地产开发经营企业的角度出发，对项目群构建及资源优化配置问题进行研究。对于项目群构建问题，，首先根据《建设项目经济评价方法与参数（第三版）》的规定和灰色关联度的方法，从子项目可行性和对企业发展战略支持度两个维度进行分析，选取了若干个子项目，再根据子项目间的相关性，运用聚类分析的方法将其划分为若干个项目群；对于项目群中资源优化配置问题，通过对房地产开发经营企业的开发流程和现金流进行分析，建立了房地产开发经营企业项目群资源优化配置的模型，随后运用运筹学数学规划的方法对该问题进行了优化；最后将提出的方法应用到一个实际案例中进行检验，有效解决了房地产开发经营企业面对的问题。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, China's real estate industry has made rapid development, has become one of the important national support industries, occupies an important position and role in the national economy. However, with the rapid development of real estate industry, such problems as unreasonable structure of supply and demand, uneven regional development and excessive pricing of products are gradually exposed. Therefore, the state has issued a series of policies to deepen and refine the regulation of the real estate market, and to control the market demand and the real estate development and management enterprises. In order to survive and develop under the environment of regulation and control, real estate development and management enterprises must change their management mode and improve their market competitiveness. At present, there are two kinds of development models adopted by real estate development and management enterprises in our country: differentiated development under opportunity and standardized development under strategic guidance. In the opportunity-oriented differentiated development model, the scale of each project, product type and product grade are very different, the enterprise will probably face many new problems, which will increase the cost and reduce the efficiency of the enterprise; However, in the standardized development mode under the strategic direction, the development mode of chain replication can save the cost and management cost of the project from the root. It has become the only way for real estate development enterprises to become bigger and stronger under the current market conditions. However, in the standardized development model under the guidance of strategy, there is a competitive relationship between sub-projects because of the use of the same or similar resources, and at the same time, there is a profit correlation among sub-projects. This will inevitably affect the realization of the strategic objectives of enterprise development. Therefore, how to construct the project group reasonably and how to optimize the allocation of the resources in the project group are the urgent problems faced by the real estate development and management enterprises in the process of transforming to the standardized development mode under the strategic guidance, which needs to be solved effectively. From the point of view of the real estate development and management enterprises in China, this paper studies the construction of project groups and the optimal allocation of resources. For the construction of project group, firstly, according to the stipulation of the method and parameter of economic evaluation of construction project (3rd edition) and the method of grey correlation degree, the paper analyzes the feasibility of sub-project and the supporting degree of enterprise development strategy from two dimensions: the feasibility of sub-project and the degree of strategic support for enterprise development. Several sub-items are selected, and then the cluster analysis is used to divide them into several project groups according to the correlation between the sub-items, and the optimal allocation of resources in the project cluster is discussed. Based on the analysis of the development process and cash flow of the real estate development and management enterprises, this paper establishes the model of the optimal allocation of the resources of the real estate development and management enterprises, and then optimizes the problem by using the mathematical programming method of operational research. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a practical case to test, which effectively solves the problems faced by real estate development and management enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F299.23

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