农村小额信贷高利率现状分析
发布时间：2018-08-29 20:30
【摘要】：农村金融市场中,农民融资难、农村贷款难、农业发展难以得到有效的资金支持,是影响农村经济发展的一个关键障碍。上世纪七十年代兴起的小额信贷以及在全球范围内的蓬勃发展,为克服农村信贷市场的困境带来了希望。到目前为止,小额信贷已经为全球数以亿计的贫困人群发放了信用贷款,影响了无数的农村人群。但是,在有效扩大农村金融覆盖面的同时,小额信贷的利率问题越来越成为人们关注的焦点。目前,小额信贷机构基本上都是执行的高利率政策,但外界对此的看法是不尽相同的。随着小额信贷在我国农村地区全面的展开,小额信贷的利率问题也成为我们不得不面对的议题。同国外一样,我国的大部分小额信贷机构也是采取的高利率政策,但同样也受到一定的指责。 随着我国利率市场化改革的不断向前推进,金融机构贷款利率的浮动区间不断放宽。继2004年1月1日扩大贷款利率浮动区间之后,中国人民银行从2004年10月29日起上调金融机构存贷款基准利率,并进一步放宽人民币贷款利率浮动区间。对金融机构(不含城乡信用社)的贷款利率原则上不再设定上限,贷款利率下浮幅度不变,贷款利率下限仍为基准利率的0.9倍。对金融竞争环境尚不完善的农村信用社,贷款利率仍实行上限管理,最高上浮系数为贷款基准利率的2.3倍,贷款利率下浮幅度不变。而小额贷款公司,最高上浮系数为贷款基准利率的4倍。 本文针对国内对小额信贷利率这个热点问题,分析了高利率政策满足了小额信贷机构新形势下市场化发展的要求,并说明了高利率在支农方面的合理性。本文借助相关农村金融理论和国内外相关高利率合理性的研究,论证了此观点。
[Abstract]:In the rural financial market, the difficulty of farmers' financing, the difficulty of rural loans and the difficulty of obtaining effective financial support for agricultural development are a key obstacle to the development of rural economy. The rise of microfinance in the 1970s and its global boom have brought hope for overcoming the plight of the rural credit market. So far, microcredit has extended credit to hundreds of millions of poor people around the world, affecting millions of rural people. However, while expanding the rural financial coverage effectively, the interest rate of micro-credit has become the focus of more and more attention. At present, microfinance institutions are basically implementing high interest rate policies, but the outside world is not the same view. With the development of microfinance in rural areas in China, the interest rate of microcredit has become an issue we have to face. As abroad, most of our microfinance institutions also adopt high interest rate policy, but are also criticized. With the reform of interest rate marketization, the floating range of interest rate of financial institutions has been relaxed. Following the expansion of the floating range of loan rates on January 1, 2004, the people's Bank of China has raised the benchmark interest rate for deposits and loans of financial institutions since October 29, 2004, and further relaxed the floating range of RMB lending rates. The lending rate of financial institutions (excluding urban and rural credit cooperatives) in principle no longer set the upper limit, loan interest rates fluctuate unchanged, the lower limit of the lending rate is still 0.9 times the benchmark interest rate. For the rural credit cooperatives whose financial competition environment is not perfect, the loan interest rate is still under the upper limit management, the maximum floating coefficient is 2.3 times of the benchmark loan interest rate, and the floating range of the loan interest rate is unchanged. And small loan company, highest float coefficient is 4 times of loan base interest rate. Aiming at the hot issue of microfinance interest rate in China, this paper analyzes that the policy of high interest rate meets the requirement of market-oriented development of microfinance institutions under the new situation, and explains the rationality of high interest rate in supporting agriculture. This paper proves this viewpoint with the help of the theories of rural finance and the rationality of high interest rate at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43
本文编号：2212339
[Abstract]:In the rural financial market, the difficulty of farmers' financing, the difficulty of rural loans and the difficulty of obtaining effective financial support for agricultural development are a key obstacle to the development of rural economy. The rise of microfinance in the 1970s and its global boom have brought hope for overcoming the plight of the rural credit market. So far, microcredit has extended credit to hundreds of millions of poor people around the world, affecting millions of rural people. However, while expanding the rural financial coverage effectively, the interest rate of micro-credit has become the focus of more and more attention. At present, microfinance institutions are basically implementing high interest rate policies, but the outside world is not the same view. With the development of microfinance in rural areas in China, the interest rate of microcredit has become an issue we have to face. As abroad, most of our microfinance institutions also adopt high interest rate policy, but are also criticized. With the reform of interest rate marketization, the floating range of interest rate of financial institutions has been relaxed. Following the expansion of the floating range of loan rates on January 1, 2004, the people's Bank of China has raised the benchmark interest rate for deposits and loans of financial institutions since October 29, 2004, and further relaxed the floating range of RMB lending rates. The lending rate of financial institutions (excluding urban and rural credit cooperatives) in principle no longer set the upper limit, loan interest rates fluctuate unchanged, the lower limit of the lending rate is still 0.9 times the benchmark interest rate. For the rural credit cooperatives whose financial competition environment is not perfect, the loan interest rate is still under the upper limit management, the maximum floating coefficient is 2.3 times of the benchmark loan interest rate, and the floating range of the loan interest rate is unchanged. And small loan company, highest float coefficient is 4 times of loan base interest rate. Aiming at the hot issue of microfinance interest rate in China, this paper analyzes that the policy of high interest rate meets the requirement of market-oriented development of microfinance institutions under the new situation, and explains the rationality of high interest rate in supporting agriculture. This paper proves this viewpoint with the help of the theories of rural finance and the rationality of high interest rate at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.43
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