云南宁蒗县贫困问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 12:46

本文关键词：云南宁蒗县贫困问题研究　出处：《中央民族大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贫困是全球性的社会现象,是经济、社会、政治、文化发展不平衡和地理自然生态条件差异以及人类个体差异综合作用的结果。解决贫困问题是当今的世界性的课题。贫困不仅是经济问题,更重要的是政治问题。中国的贫困主要在农村,而农村的贫困人口主要集中在中国的西部地区,西部农村贫困地区是中国自然条件最为恶劣、少数民族最为集中,贫困发生最为广泛的地区。西部农村贫困地区的贫困问题具有强烈的、独特的区域性个性,表现为高原山区的特点、少数民族的特点和边远地带的特点。本文就选择西部地区的宁蒗县作为研究对象,宁蒗县贫困地区的贫困是多种因素相互交织、相互制约形成的一种综合现象,是历史的积累。针对宁蒗县贫困人口居住分散、地理条件恶劣、交通闭塞、经济较为落后的状况,实施特殊民族政策以帮助其脱贫,宁蒗县贫困人口大幅减少,基础设施建设不断加强,农村居民生产生活条件不断改善,但由于历史和地理等种种原因,宁蒗县发展水平远远低于其他地区,贫困问题仍然格外严重,绝对贫困与相对贫困并存,绝对贫困人口多、面广、程度深、返贫率高。对宁蒗县贫困问题的研究,将有利于加快贫困户的脱贫步伐；有利于实施可持续的经济发展战略；有利于经济社会的改革、发展和稳定。因此,有着极其重要的政治、经济和社会意义。找出制约我国西部农村的贫困因素,对宁蒗县反贫困进行有针对性的分析,可以探索出农村反贫困的有效途径。本文梳理了农村贫困与反贫困的基本理论,从贫困的内涵、分类和测定方法入手,对贫困与反贫困的内涵进行了阐述；认为宁蒗县的反贫困是建设和谐社会的基础,是民族团结与发展的推动力。在分析宁蒗县地区农村反贫困必要性和重要性的基础上,对该地区农村贫困状况、特殊性和反贫困历程进行了阐述,并进一步分析了制约宁蒗县反贫困的因素。针对制约因素和在反贫困过程中存在的问题,文章提出了宁蒗县地区农村反贫困的对策建议,认为宁蒗县地区农村应当根据自身具体情况,应采取多元化的反贫困模式,提出了反贫困方式的创新：坚持开发式扶贫和社会保障相结合；坚持专项扶贫和行业扶贫、社会扶贫相结合；坚持他救支持与自救自力更生相结合；阐述了主要脱贫途径选择：一是确定反贫的目标,走农业产业化道路；二是制定具有宁蒗特色的反贫困规划；三是加强反贫资金监管；四是发展具有宁蒗特色的扶贫道路。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a global social phenomenon, economic, social, political. The result of the comprehensive effect of the imbalance of cultural development, the difference of geographical and ecological conditions and the individual difference of human beings. To solve the problem of poverty is a worldwide problem today. Poverty is not only an economic problem. More important is the political problem. China's poverty is mainly in the rural areas, and the rural poor are mainly concentrated in the western region of China, the western rural poor areas are the worst natural conditions in China. The poverty problem in the western rural poor areas has a strong and unique regional personality, which is manifested in the characteristics of highland mountain areas. The characteristics of ethnic minorities and the characteristics of remote areas. This paper chooses Ninglang County in the western region as the research object. Poverty in poverty area of Ninglang County is a kind of comprehensive phenomenon which is intertwined and restricted by many factors. It is the accumulation of history. The poor population of Ninglang county live scattered, the geographical conditions are bad, the traffic is blocked, and the economy is relatively backward, so the poor population in Ninglang county has been greatly reduced by implementing special national policies to help them get rid of poverty. Infrastructure construction continues to strengthen, rural residents' living and production conditions continue to improve, but due to historical and geographical reasons, Ninglang County's development level is far lower than other areas, the poverty problem is still particularly serious. Absolute poverty and relative poverty coexist, the absolute poverty population is large, wide, deep, and the rate of returning to poverty is high. The study of poverty problem in Ninglang County will help accelerate the pace of poverty alleviation of poor households. Facilitate the implementation of sustainable economic development strategies; It is beneficial to the reform, development and stability of economy and society. Therefore, it has extremely important political, economic and social significance. This article combs the basic theory of rural poverty and anti-poverty, starting with the connotation, classification and measurement methods of poverty. The connotation of poverty and anti-poverty is expounded. It is believed that the anti-poverty in Ninglang County is the foundation of building a harmonious society and the driving force of national unity and development. Based on the analysis of the necessity and importance of anti-poverty in the rural areas of Ninglang County, this paper analyzes the situation of rural poverty in this area. The particularity and the course of anti-poverty are expounded, and the factors restricting the anti-poverty in Ninglang County are further analyzed, aiming at the restrictive factors and the existing problems in the process of anti-poverty. This paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of anti-poverty in the rural areas of Ninglang County, and thinks that the rural areas in Ninglang County should adopt diversified anti-poverty mode according to their own specific conditions. Put forward the innovation of anti-poverty way: adhere to the combination of development-oriented poverty alleviation and social security; Stick to the combination of special poverty alleviation, industry poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation; Insist on the combination of his rescue support and self-help and self-reliance; The main ways to get rid of poverty are as follows: first, to determine the target of anti-poverty and to take the road of agricultural industrialization; The second is to draw up the anti-poverty plan with the characteristics of Ninglang; Third, strengthen the supervision of anti-poverty funds; Fourth, develop the poverty alleviation road with Ninglang characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.8

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