云南怒江地区基督教信仰与基层治理研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 04:32

本文关键词：云南怒江地区基督教信仰与基层治理研究　出处：《中央民族大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宗教的问题,不仅仅是信仰领域的问题,由于其有组织、设施和群体性活动,因而也是治理领域的问题,基督宗教的问题亦即如此。本文所研究的边疆地区为传统上以信仰原始宗教的云南西部,可能有典型示范性。宗教在当地社会治理中的角色不容忽视,甚至在一定程度上弥补了国家权力在场的缺失。在一些少数民族地区,宗教组织甚至还发挥着“治理者”的角色,其影响力渗透到基层社会的政治、经济、文化、生态等诸多方面。就本文所聚焦的云南怒江地区来说,基督教因其特殊的历史和现实意义,使得宗教与治理的关系更为微妙。本文以此为思考点,通过对怒江地区基督教信仰的实践考察,力图对基督教信仰对当地政治经济社会文化的影响做一些梳理。第一章描述了基督教在怒江地区的传播现状,对基督教的传入历史进行了分析,认为基督教传入的“外力”是殖民主义与“上帝领土”的扩张,“内需”是原始宗教所依托的社会环境的崩塌。把基督教在怒江地区的“本土化”过程分为了三个阶段,并对“本土化”过程中的问题与现状做了进一步阐述,最后介绍了现如今基督教在怒江地区的组织形式与传教特点。第二章、第三章和第四章,分别从文化视角、经济视角、政治视角对基督教信仰与基层治理之间的关系进行了探究。从文化视角,认为基督教信仰在与中国传统文化、边疆社会族群文化之间都存在着天然张力,另外,通过分析发现,基督信仰与边疆族群文化并非完美融合,而是把边疆族群文化基督化了。研究发现,该地区基督教组织发展信众的影响力超过其它宗教,当然,本章分析了基督教的教义和组织方式在吸引信众方面较之其他宗教的优势。本章还分析了当地宗教信仰的多元状态,以及基督信仰与佛教、道教、儒教以及民间信仰之间的关系。基层政权在该地区的社会文化建设过程中,注意力更多集中在如何管理这些宗教机构和信众,而关于在基层社会文化的多元构建,则缺乏应有的关注。就现实来看,这种主动构建仅仅涉及主流意识形态的普及和官方宣传,而很少考虑与宗教文化的深层关系。从经济视角,分析了在转型期基督教信仰与怒江地区经济生活的关系以及基督宗教在经济中的作用,并通过对基督教教义对当地从业的选择以及宗教活动对经济活动的影响分析了基督信仰与当地经济发展的互动关系。从政治视角,首先分析了基督教信仰与当今中国主流意识形态之间的关系,认为基督教信仰与马克思主义信仰之间既有冲突,但又有其相通性,并结合实地调研材料,对主流意识形态对基督信仰的现实态度进行了分析。通过对国家权力在边疆社会的显示,以及基督教信仰在边疆社会治理中的影响分析了基督教信仰与国家权力的在场关系,认为在社会主义初级阶段,在云南怒江地区盛行的基督教信仰,通过实现“教化民众”对降低边疆社会治理的各项成本起到了不可忽视的作用。但通过调研发现,基督教信仰的普及对于基层政权有一定的冲击,具体表现为对基层治理人员的信仰冲击和对基层政权组织建设的冲击。基督教信仰是一个意识形态领域的问题,就边疆社会的关注点而言,这关乎认同问题。具体而言,就是基督教信仰对族群认同与国家认同的影响,本文认为,基督教信仰通过宗教仪式、教义理论和风俗习惯的去族群化过程,冲击族群认同和国家认同,与国家建构的现代性“除魅”过程相冲突。最后,通过对现如今怒江地区的非传统安全现状以及基督信仰与边疆安全双重互动关系的论述,对基督教信仰与边疆安全进行了分析。
[Abstract]:The issue of religion, faith is not only the problem in the field, because of its organization, facilities and group activities, and also issues of governance, that is the question of the Christian religion. So the traditional border areas in primitive religions in Western Yunnan, there may be a representative role of religion in the local society. Governance can not be ignored, or even to a certain extent make up for the lack of state power. In the presence of some ethnic minority areas, religious organizations and even play "governance" role, its influence to the grass-roots political, economic, cultural, ecological and other aspects. This paper focuses on the Nu River region of Yunnan Christian, because of its special historical and practical significance, the relationship between religion and governance is more subtle. Based on this thinking, through the practice of the Nu River area of the Christian faith test Observe, try to do some sort of influence of Christianity on the local political economic and social culture. The first chapter describes the current situation of the spread of Christianity in the Nu River area, the introduction history of Christianity was analyzed, that the spread of Christianity in the "outside" and "God is a colonial territory expansion," domestic demand "is the primitive religion based on the social environment of the collapse. The Christian in the Nu River area of the" localization "process is divided into three stages, and the present condition and problems in the process of localization is further expounded, finally introduces the case of Christianity in the Nu River area of the organization form and characteristics of missionary. In the second chapter, the third chapter and the fourth chapter, respectively, from the cultural perspective, economic perspective, political perspective to explore the relationship between the Christian faith and grassroots governance. From the perspective of culture, and that the Christian faith in China biography Traditional culture, cultural frontier between social groups are a natural tension, in addition, the analysis found that the Christian faith and frontier ethnic culture is not a perfect fusion, but the frontier ethnic culture of Christ. The study found that the influence of the area of Christian believers organization development than other religions, of course, this chapter analyzes the other religions than in attracting believers the advantages of Christian doctrine and organization. This chapter also analyzes the status of multiple local religious beliefs, and Christianity and Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and the relationship between folk beliefs. Grassroots political power in the area of social culture in the process of construction, more attention is focused on how to manage these religious and believers, and on the construction of grass-roots society in multi culture, is the lack of attention. On the practical point of view, this initiative involves only the mainstream ideology construction The popular and official propaganda, but rarely consider the deep relationship with religious culture. From the economic perspective, analyzes the relationship between economic life in the transitional period of Christianity and the Nu River area and the Christian religion's role in the economy, and through the analysis of the interactive relationship between the Christian faith in Christ and the local economic development impact on local employment selection and religious activities on economic activities. From a political perspective, firstly analyzes the relationship between the Christian faith and the Chinese mainstream ideology, that is the conflict between Christianity and Marx's belief, but there are also some similarities, and combined with field investigation materials, the mainstream ideology of the realistic attitude of Christian belief of based on the analysis. The state power in the society, and the influence of Christianity in the frontier of social governance in the analysis of the Christian faith The presence of relationship between Yang and the state power, that in the primary stage of socialism, popular in the Nu River area of Yunnan Christian faith, through the realization of "educating people" can not be ignored to reduce the cost of social governance to the frontier. But through the investigation found that the popularity of the Christian faith has a certain impact on the political power at the grass-roots level the specific performance of the impact of faith and grassroots administrator of the building of grassroots organizations. The impact of the Christian faith is a problem in the field of ideology, on the frontier society concern, which relates to the identification problem. Specifically, is the influence of Christianity on ethnic identity and national identity of the Christian faith through ritual the theory, doctrine and customs of ethnic groups to the process, the impact of ethnic identity and national identity, modern "Disenchantment" process and country construction Finally, based on the current situation of the non traditional security in Nu River area and the dual interaction relationship between the Christian faith and the border security, we analyze the Christian belief and the frontier security.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B978;D633

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