毛泽东妇女解放思想研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 18:10

本文关键词：毛泽东妇女解放思想研究　出处：《南京大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：妇女主体性话语的重建是近代中国追求现代性的重要一环,在这个过程中,妇女解放与社会转型背景下中国的政治经济发展耦合在一起。中国共产党的成立改变了中国女权主义和妇女解放运动的话语场,把"男女平等"与"妇女解放"推到革命话语的前沿位置。毛泽东作为中国妇女解放运动的直接倡导者与领导者,其妇女解放思想指引中国妇女从封建家庭的束缚中解放出来,并开启了探索妇女自身全面发展的进程。毛泽东妇女解放思想的形成是一个不断发展与完善的动态历史过程。在不同历史境遇下,毛泽东妇女解放思想有着不同的理论关注点。因此本文在讨论过程中,从毛泽东妇女解放思想发展的历史过程入手,以两次思想转向为线索,全局性地总结毛泽东时代妇女解放实践的得失与经验。根据这一思路,本文分为三章详细阐释毛泽东妇女解放思想的构建与当代价值。本文第一章深入剖析毛泽东妇女解放思想的“知识环境”,结合毛泽东早年的成长学习经历,讨论毛泽东妇女解放思想形成的最初理论来源和境遇:毛泽东青少年时期接受的中国传统文化教育,是其妇女思想形成的背景理论资源,主要包括正统的儒家经学教育,以及戊戌变法时期康有为、梁启超等维新派的思想理论,这些理论中有关性别问题的讨论为毛泽东妇女解放观点的形成提供了思想灵感;在五四运动兴起过程中,毛泽东作为五四青年中的激进分子,受到了不同思潮的影响,五四时期知识精英阶层开启的中国"新女性"主体构建与启蒙运动,是早期毛泽东妇女解放思想的主要理论来源,主要包括新文化运动中陈独秀、胡适、李大钊等人的妇女解放思想;俄国十月革命后,毛泽东受到李大钊等人的影响,开始系统学习马克思主义相关理论学说,毛泽东的妇女解放思想开始引入经济与阶级维度,开启了马克思主义妇女解放思想中国化的进程。在详细考察毛泽东妇女解放思想“知识环境”的基础上,本文第二章结合具体的历史阶段与毛泽东的文本研究,阐释毛泽东妇女解放思想完整发展轨迹。妇女解放是青年毛泽东涉足社会批判的重要议题,毛泽东把女性独立与新社会的构建、个体的自我改造联系在一起,性别压迫成为青年毛泽东政治实践中关注的焦点问题。五四运动时期,毛泽东对于性别压迫的分析交织本质主义和唯物主义的因素,但此时毛泽东已经意识到解决妇女问题的重要困难在于中国社会文化的转型。在毛泽东正式接受马克思主义理论之后,毛泽东的妇女解放思想在不同的历史发展阶段侧重于不同的现实政治问题。毛泽东的妇女思想在面临不同妇女解放运动的实践中,一步步完善。按照不同的历史分期,毛泽东成熟的妇女解放解放思想分为以下几个部分:国民革命时期的妇女解放理论、土地革命时期苏区婚姻制度改革、抗日战争时期性别问题与阶级解放的共鸣以及建国后毛泽东妇女解放思想进一步在体制中的确立。本文最后部分围绕前两章讨论的内容,首先肯定了毛泽东对于中国传统性别范式的挑战,承认中国妇女解放运动为中国女性的独立自由做出的巨大贡献,接着引入后现代女权主义视角,对毛泽东时期妇女解放运动的局限性进行了批判与反思。在整合了正反两方面话语讨论的基础上,笔者强调毛泽东妇女解放思想为解读当下性别问题打开了一扇窗户,毛泽东妇女解放思想是当代中国社会转型时期,解决社会性别权力构建隐性不平衡与矛盾的重要理论资源。
[Abstract]:The reconstruction of women's subjectivity discourse is the modern pursuit of modernity China an important part in this process, coupled with political and economic development Chinese background of women's Liberation and social transformation together. The establishment of the Communist Party of China changed China discourse field of feminism and women's liberation movement, the "gender equality" and "women's Liberation" pushed to the front position of the revolutionary discourse. Mao Zedong as a direct China advocate and leader of the women's liberation movement, the liberation of women's emancipation guidelines China women from the yoke of the feudal family, and opened the exploration of women's own comprehensive development process. The formation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation is a continuous development and improvement of the dynamic history process. Under different historical conditions, Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation theory has a different focus in this paper. During the discussion, from the Mao Zedong women The history of the development process of emancipating the mind, to the two ideological change as a clue, the overall summary of the Mao Zedong era women's Liberation and gain experience. According to this idea, this paper is divided into three chapters to construct detailed interpretation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation and contemporary value. The first chapter of this paper analyzes Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation "knowledge the environment", combined with Mao Zedong early learning experience, initially discussed the theory origin and the situation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation formation: Chinese traditional culture education in Mao Zedong's youth to accept, is the theoretical background of resources form the views of women, including the orthodox Confucian education and the reform movement of 1898 Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and other dimension theory a new discussion about gender issues, these theories provide inspiration for the formation of Mao Zedong thought of women's Liberation view; In the May 4th Movement rise process, Mao Zedong as the 54 young activists, influenced by different thoughts, construction and Enlightenment of 54 period intellectual elite open China "new women" subject, is the main source of the early theory of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation, including the new culture movement in Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, Li Dazhao et al women's Liberation; after the October revolution, Mao Zedong was influenced by Li Dazhao et al, began a systematic study of the Marx doctrine theory, Mao Zedong's thought of women's Liberation began to introduce the dimensions of economic and class, open the process of Marx's feminist thought liberation of Chinese. Based on a detailed study of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation "knowledge environment". The text of the concrete historical stage and Mao Zedong combined with the second chapter of this paper, interpretation of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation Complete development. Women's liberation is an important issue in young Mao Zedong's social criticism, Mao Zedong put the construction of women's independence and the new society, the individual self transformation together, gender oppression become a focus of concern for young Mao Zedong's political practice. The May 4th Movement period, Mao Zedong analysis for factors of gender oppression intertwined essentialism and materialism but this time, Mao Zedong had been aware of the important difficult to solve the problem of women lies in the transformation of social culture. China after Mao Zedong formally accepted the Marx doctrine, Mao Zedong's thought of women's Liberation in different historical stages of development focuses on the reality of different political problems. Mao Zedong's thought in the practice of different faces of the women's liberation movement, a step by step perfect. According to the different historical stages, Mao Zedong mature women's liberation is to emancipate the mind The following parts: the theory of women's Liberation during the national revolution period, the period of land revolution the marriage reform, during the Anti Japanese War, gender and class liberation resonance and after the founding of Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation in the further establishment of the system. In the last part of this paper around the content discussed in the first two chapters, first affirmed the Mao Zedong challenge for traditional Chinese the gender paradigm, that the women's Liberation Movement made great contribution to China as an independent and free Chinese women, followed by the introduction of postmodern feminism perspective, the limitations of Mao Zedong's women's Liberation Movement in the period of criticism and reflection. In the integration of the two sides, based on the discussion of the discourse, Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's Liberation opened a window for the current interpretation of gender issues, Mao Zedong's Thoughts on women's liberation is the period of social transformation in contemporary China, solve social Gender power is an important theoretical resource for the construction of implicit imbalances and contradictions.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：A84;D442

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