中国少先队与美国童子军教育活动比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 18:43

本文关键词：中国少先队与美国童子军教育活动比较研究　出处：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国少先队和美国童子军作为中美两国最主要的少年儿童组织,是两国青少年教育中不可缺少的重要环节。在中美两国少年儿童组织的发展历史中,少先队和童子军都经历了战火的洗礼、国家的动荡与和平时期的高速发展,并在不同的阶段组织本国的少年儿童积极响应国家的号召,开展了既遵循少年儿童身心发展需要又符合时代要求的各种教育活动,为国家不同阶段的政治、经济、文化的发展贡献了力量。尽管少先队和童子军都起源于战火,在教育功能上都是填补学校教育的不足,但在后续的发展上却走上了不同的道路。少先队教育活动与学校教育的紧密结合,实行全童入队,以学校教师队伍为主,社会辅导力量为辅,活动形式与学校教育工作相配合,以班级为单位建设中队,组织活动对儿童进行全面发展的教育弥补学校教育的不足。童子军划分不同的阶段也是以年龄和年级为参考,但在招收队员时采取了自愿入队原则,适龄儿童自愿参加参加幼童军,以家庭活动和户外活动为主,在家长和童子军成人志愿者的指导下开展活动,活动内容实践性强,以生存教育为特色。尽管二者在入队原则、活动内容和辅导力量上的选择有所不同,但在集体建设、队员激励机制等方面又选择了相似的办法,并都取得了显著的效果。本研究通过比较两国少年儿童组织之间教育活动发展历史、辅导人员、集体建设、活动内容和激励机制五个方面的异同,并结合少先队改革提出的要求,对我国少先队的发展提供经验。
[Abstract]:As the two countries the main children's organization China young pioneers and the boy scouts of America, is an important link in youth education between the two countries. In the history of Sino US youth organization, the young pioneers and the boy scouts have experienced the baptism of war, the rapid development of turbulence and peace of the state, and in children the different stage of the organization of their positive response to the national call to carry out not only follow the children's physical and mental development and meet the needs of various education activities to the requirements of the times, for the different stages of the country's political, economic and cultural development contribution strength. Although the young pioneers and the boy scouts have originated in the war, in the education function is to fill the lack of school education, but in the subsequent development has embarked on a different path. Combined with the young pioneers education and school education, the children's team, in order to learn School teachers, social counseling forces supplemented by matching activities in the form of school education, the class as a unit construction squadron, activity organization carrying out the comprehensive development of education for children to make up for lack of school education. The boy scouts is divided into different stages according to age and grade for reference, but the team has taken voluntary principle in the recruitment team when children volunteered to join the cubs, family activities and outdoor activities, the activities of the boy scouts in the parents and adult volunteers under the guidance of practical activities, in order to survive education features. Although the two team in principle, activities and guidance on the choice of power is different, but in the collective the construction team incentive mechanism and selection aspects of similar measures, and have achieved remarkable results. Through the study of comparative education activities between the two children's organization The history, the similarities and differences between the five aspects of collectives, collective activities, content and incentive mechanism are discussed. Combined with the requirements put forward by young pioneers, we can provide experience for the development of young pioneers in China.

【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D432.51;G571.2

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