我国新生代农民工城市融入的困境及对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 01:04

本文关键词：我国新生代农民工城市融入的困境及对策研究　出处：《江西财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国经济社会的发展和人口流动政策的不断放宽,使得大量的农民工进入城市务工。据2012年中国社会科学院(人口与劳动经济学网)发布的数据显示:新生代农民工总人数为8478万,占全部外出农民工的总体的58.4%。这说明新生代农民工已经成为外出农民工的主体构成部分,成为城市建设的主力军。新生代农民工在为城市发展作出突出贡献的同时,却因为各种制度性因素、社会性因素不能均等地享受城市文明和发展带来的成果,被排斥在各种社会福利和社会保障体制之外,这显然是与社会的公平原则相违背,与科学发展观“以人为本”的核心相违背,不利于中国社会经济的和谐发展,不利于全面解决“三农”问题,阻碍了中国城市化的进程。因此国家和社会必须采取一定的措施改变这一现状。第一部分,绪论。介绍了选题背景及选题意义、国内外研究现状、研究内容与研究方法、创新点与不足,让读者大体了解本文的主要的内容以及行文思路。第二部分,新生代农民工融入城市的理论基础。先介绍农民工、新生代农民工以及新生代农民工城市融入的含义。接着从时代背景、务工目的、文化水平、生活方式、利益诉求这五个方面阐述新生代农民工与老一代农民工的代际特征差异,以期让读者更加明白新生代农民工的定义和特征。最后介绍了新生代农民工融入城市的相关理论:新公共服务理论、公共服务均等化理论、包容性增长理论、社会融入理论。第三部分,新生代农民工城市融入现状及其城市融入困境分析。通过分析新生代农民工在政治、经济、社会、文化方面的融入现状,指出新生代农民工在城市融入过程中面临的就业、教育、住房、心理等方面的问题。第四部分,新生代农民工城市融入困境的影响因素分析。针对第三部分指出的新生代农民工在城市融入过程中的困境,本部分从制度层面如户籍制度、社会保障制度、住房制度、教育培训制度、土地制度,社会层面如社区功能缺位、心理疏导机制缺位以及城市社会的偏见和歧视,个人层面如人力资本缺陷、社会资本不足、法律意识淡薄,这三个层面详细分析制约新生代农民工融入城市的因素。第五部分,促进新生代农民工城市融入的对策。在前面章节分析的基础上,为推动新生代农民工顺利融入城市,在制度层面上建议深化户籍制度改革、完善社会保障体系、完善住房保障制度、完善教育培训制度、创新土地制度;在社会层面,建议完善社区功能、重视心理健康教育、加强舆论导向;在个人层面,指出要增加新生代农民工的社会资本和人力资本以及提高新生代农民工的法律维权意识。
[Abstract]:China's economic and social development and the continuous relaxation of population mobility policy. A large number of migrant workers are working in cities. According to data released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 2012, the total number of new generation migrant workers is 84.78 million. This shows that the new generation of migrant workers has become the main component of migrant workers. The new generation of migrant workers have made outstanding contributions to urban development, but because of various institutional factors, social factors can not equally enjoy the fruits of urban civilization and development. Being excluded from various social welfare and social security systems is obviously contrary to the principle of social equity and the core of the scientific development view of "people-oriented", which is not conducive to the harmonious development of China's social economy. It is unfavorable to solve the problem of agriculture, countryside and farmers in an all-round way, which hinders the process of urbanization in China. Therefore, the country and society must take some measures to change this situation. The first part, introduction, introduces the background of the topic and its significance. Domestic and foreign research status, research content and research methods, innovative points and shortcomings, let readers generally understand the main content of this article and the way of thinking. The second part. The theoretical basis of the new generation of migrant workers into the city. First introduce the meaning of migrant workers, the new generation of migrant workers and the new generation of migrant workers into the city. Then from the background of the times, the purpose of labor, cultural level, lifestyle. The interests of these five aspects of the new generation of migrant workers and the older generation of migrant workers of the intergenerational characteristics of differences. In order to let readers understand the definition and characteristics of the new generation of migrant workers. Finally, introduced the new generation of migrant workers into the city related theories: new public service theory, public service equalization theory, inclusive growth theory. Social integration theory. The third part, the new generation of migrant workers into the city and the plight of urban integration analysis. Through the analysis of the new generation of migrant workers in the political, economic, social, cultural integration of the status quo. Points out that the new generation of migrant workers in the process of urban integration in the process of employment, education, housing, psychology and other aspects of the problems. 4th part. In view of the difficulties of the new generation migrant workers in the process of urban integration, this part from the institutional level, such as household registration system, social security system. Housing system, education and training system, land system, social level such as the absence of community function, the absence of psychological counseling mechanism and prejudice and discrimination in urban society, personal level such as human capital defects, social capital is insufficient. Weak legal awareness, these three levels of detailed analysis of the constraints of the new generation of migrant workers into the city. Part 5th, promote the new generation of migrant workers into the city of countermeasures. On the basis of the previous chapter analysis. In order to promote the new generation of migrant workers to integrate into the city smoothly, it is suggested to deepen the reform of the household registration system, perfect the social security system, perfect the housing security system, perfect the education and training system, and innovate the land system. At the social level, it is suggested to improve the function of the community, pay attention to the mental health education and strengthen the guidance of public opinion. At the personal level, it is pointed out that the social capital and human capital of the new generation of migrant workers should be increased, and the consciousness of legal rights protection of the new generation of migrant workers should be enhanced.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6

【参考文献】