思想政治教育文化品性研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 04:16

本文关键词：思想政治教育文化品性研究　出处：《湖南大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文化灭,则精神灭;精神灭,则中华殇。文化是思想政治教育的生存根基,渗透思想政治教育的全过程。思想政治教育历来就有“政治主导”的传统,事实上,教育是文化的一部分,思想政治教育作为一种特殊的教育实践形式,也是一种文化现象。提出“文化品性”的目的是对过去思想政治教育被窄化为政治教育的突破,揭示思想政治教育诸要素与文化之间存在的关联,勾勒出思想政治教育内在的文化属性,由此形成一定的文化支持系统,从而实现对思想政治教育完整、深刻的把握。“品性”是“品质、性格”之意。将“品性”概念特征与文化结合起来,并赋予思想政治教育,目的是为了在一个文化解释框架下来表达和解说对思想政治教育根本问题的认识。思想政治教育作为人类教育活动中的重要内容,其文化品性一目了然。从静态层面来说,思想政治教育各要素都烙有文化印记。从动态层面来说,思想政治教育过程是文化育人的过程。思想政治教育作为一种文化传递、文化创造的活动,要呈现人文情怀;要彰显民族特色;要回归生活世界;要内蕴以“文”“化”人的精髓。思想政治教育文化品性的意义在与其政治、经济、社会品性的联系中能得到更深刻的理解。从历史维度梳理并分析中西方不同历史时期文化演进中思想政治教育的嬗变历程,以此论证思想政治教育天生就具有文化的品质和属性。我国很早就提出了“关乎人文,以化成天下”的思想。从古代的儒家伦理文化到近代的“新文化”运动再到现代“推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣”、“社会主义文化强国”建设,随着中国文化思想的演进,思想政治教育文化品性日益丰富,重要性也日益彰显。西方德育文化关注文化的主体——人,关注人的精神世界和精神生产,尊重受教育者的情感、需求、个性。同时,重视文化的熏陶教化作用。这些思想理论为思想政治教育文化品性研究提供了重要的理论借鉴。反思思想政治教育实然状态,其社会地位日渐式微,效果受人诟病,对国家文化安全的维护也有些力不从心。究其原因,主要是文化品性的缺失。思想政治教育文化品性缺失背后有着深刻的原因:首先,从社会历史发展角度剖析思想政治教育,强调政治品性是其一贯作风,由此遮蔽了思想政治教育的文化品性。其次,科学主义对人文主义的挤压使思想政治教育人文本性失落,变成知识传递活动,与生活实际相去甚远,与文化化人相去甚远。再次,思想认识的偏差也是思想政治教育功能无法全部发挥,实际效果不佳的重要的原因。发展文化品性成为思想政治教育摆脱困境的新诉求。首先,思想政治教育目的和内容要彰显文化品性。思想政治教育的目的应回归到作为教育活动的本真意义,即以人为目的,培养全面发展的人、“完整的人”。强调文化品性的思想政治教育除了坚持思想教育、政治教育、道德教育、心理教育、法纪教育五个方面的基本教育内容外,还应增加更多完善人们生活的教育内容,如情感教育、生活教育、生命教育、幸福教育等,引导人们过上幸福美好的生活。其次,思想政治教育原则要体现文化品性。文化具有弥散性、属人性、民族性、生活性、动态性的品格和特征,与此相应,凸显文化精神的思想政治教育在原则的把握上应反对强迫,注重引导;奉行潜移默化、润物无声的教化方式;体现关注人、关怀人的情怀;重视回归生活、体验生活的路径;尊重教育对象的主体性人格等。归结起来,回归文化品性的思想政治教育就是要遵循柔性原则、隐蔽原则、以人为本原则、回归生活原则和民主平等原则。再次,思想政治教育方法要突出文化品性。智育要解决的是知与不知、懂与不懂的问题,而德育更要解决信与不信、行与不行的问题。思想政治教育不以概念、知识的掌握为目的,关切的是人的全面发展,单一灌输的教育方法无法满足其要求,需要采用更具文化性的、科学化的、人性化的、感染力的教育方法,如对话沟通法、情景体悟法、实践锻炼法、潜移默化法、道德叙事法等。总之,思想政治教育无法脱离文化根系,是一种文化性的存在,体现文化的内在精神和价值,具有先天的文化品性。
[Abstract]:The spirit of culture, is the spirit of death, and death; death. Culture is the ideological and political education survival foundation, the whole process of penetration of the ideological and political education. The ideological and political education has always been the "political leadership" tradition, in fact, education is a part of culture, ideological and political education as a special form of education in practice, but also a cultural phenomenon. This "cultural character" is the purpose of Ideological and political education in the past was narrow for political education breakthrough, reveal the relation between the elements of the ideological and political education and culture, draw the outline of the ideological and political education intrinsic cultural attributes, thus forming a certain cultural support system, thus realizing the the ideological and political education complete, profound grasp. "Nature" is "quality and character". The "character" concept and culture together, and gives the ideological and political education, the purpose is to A cultural interpretation and explanation of the fundamental framework of down expression of Ideological and political education. The ideological and political education as an important part of the educational activities of human beings, its cultural character at a glance. From the static perspective, the various elements of the ideological and political education are subject to culture. From the dynamic perspective, the process of Ideological and political education is a process of cultural education the transfer of Ideological and political education. As a kind of culture, cultural creation activities, to show human feelings; to highlight the ethnic characteristics; to return to life world; to the connotation of "text" of the people. The essence of ideological and political education cultural character and its significance in the political, economic, social character can get contact a more profound understanding. From the historical dimension carding and analysis of the ideological and political education in the history of western culture in different historical periods in the history of the development of Ideological and political education, in order to prove Yu Tiansheng We have the quality and property of culture. China had put forward the "related to the humanities, to into the world of ideas from the Confucian ethical culture in ancient times to the modern" New Culture Movement "to modern" to promote the development and prosperity of socialist culture "," the construction of socialist culture power ", with the evolution of China cultural ideology, ideological and political education cultural character is becoming richer, the importance is also increasingly apparent. Pay attention to culture and moral culture of Western subject -- people, pay attention to people's spiritual world and spiritual production, respect education needs, emotions, personality. At the same time, pay attention to the influence of the role of cultural enlightenment. These provide an important theoretical reference study on the ideological and theoretical education of cultural character of Ideological and political status of the ideological and political education. Reflection, its social status is declining, the effect of the subject of criticism, the national cultural security maintenance and some Powerless. The reason is mainly the lack of cultural character. Behind the lack of Ideological and political education cultural character has profound reasons: first, analysis of the ideological and political education from the perspective of social and historical development, emphasizing the political character is its consistent style, thus obscuring the cultural character of Ideological and political education. Secondly, scientism extrusion of humanism the ideological and political education in human nature become lost, knowledge transfer activities, and the reality of life and culture of people far far. Thirdly, the thinking and understanding of the deviation is a function of Ideological and political education to play the important reason, the actual effect is poor. The development of cultural character has become the new demands of Ideological and political education predicament. Firstly, the purpose and the the content of Ideological and political education should highlight the cultural character. The purpose of Ideological and political education should return to education as the true meaning, i.e. As for the purpose, to cultivate all-round development of people, "the whole person". Emphasizing the ideological and political education cultural quality in addition to adhere to the ideological education, political education, moral education, psychological education, basic education in five aspects of the law education, should also increase the more perfect education content of people's life, such as emotional education. Life education, life education, happiness education, and guide people to live a happy wonderfull life. Secondly, the principle of Ideological and political education should embody cultural character. Culture has diffuse, humanity, nationality, sexual life, character and dynamic characteristics, and the ideological and political education should highlight the cultural spirit of opposition forced, pay attention to guiding principles in; a subtle, silent way of education; embody the attention, concern people's feelings; pay attention to return to life, experience the life path; respect the main object of Education Personality. To sum up, the ideological and political education return cultural character is to follow the principle of flexibility, concealment principle, the principle of people-oriented, return to life the principle of democracy and equality. Thirdly, the methods of Ideological and political education should highlight the cultural character. Intellectual education to be solved is to know, understand and do not understand the problem, and moral education to believe it or not, and no problem. The ideological and political education to the concept of knowledge, for the purpose of concern is the all-round development, education methods cannot satisfy the requirements of single indoctrination, need to adopt more cultural, scientific, humane education, methods of infection, such as dialogue and communication method, situational understanding method, practice method, subtle method, moral narrative method. In short, the ideological and political education can not be separated from the cultural roots, is a kind of cultural existence, the cultural spirit and value, It has the innate character of culture.

【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D64

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